Chapter 29 Inheritance

Question 1

Genetic Vocab

1. Hybrid
2. P generation
3. F1 generation
4. F2 generation
5. Monohyrbrid cross
6. Dihybrid cross

Answer 1

1. Offspring of two parents that differ in one or more inherited trait
2. Parental generation
3. First hybrid generation
4. Offspring of F1
5. A cross fertilization where parents differ in only one trait
6. A cross fertilization where parents differ in tow characteristics

Question 2

Genetic Vocab

1. Dominant Allele
2. Recessive Allele

Answer 2

1. The allele that determines the phenotype of an organism in heterozygotes
2. The allele that has no noticeable effect on the organisms physical appearance in heterozygotes

Question 3

what is incomplete dominance and what does it result in

Answer 3

when an offspring that expresses characterizes that are in between the two parents: results in intermediate phenotypes

Question 4

what is co dominance and give an example

what is pleiotrophy?

Answer 4

co dominance when an offspring expresses two dominant phenotypes such as blood type.

when a single gene affects many phenotype characteristics such as sickle-cell anemia

Question 5

what is polygenic inheritance

Answer 5

when a single characteristic is influenced by many different genes such as eye colour, skin colour, and weight.

Question 6

what are the two types of twins and how are they produced

Answer 6

fraternal twins and identical twins

1. fraternal twins occur when two eggs are produced and fertilized by two sperm
2. identical twins occurs when a fertilized eggs splits into to. genetically identical- share same genes and same DNA. THey are the same sex because they share DNA and they have different finger prints because of their environment.

Question 7

what does crossing over of chromosomes produce

Answer 7

genetic variability

-produces new combinations of alleles

Question 8

sex-linked genes

Answer 8

Females get an X from the mom and X from the dad. Males get an X from the mom and always receive the Y from the dad meaning dominant genes come from the mother because the Y does not carry a genotype.

Question 9

what is nondisjunction and what does it produce

Answer 9

when chromosomes do not split properly and cause many abnormal combinations. the result can be: Turners disease (XO) which is a female with undeveloped uterus and no ovaries, they have a webbed neck and short stature. Klinefelters syndrome, when male gets an extra X chromosome resulting in XXY. Male will have small testis, be sterile and develop breasts. YO- males with no X, die in embryo. Females with XXX are normal but more than 3 have impaired mental development

Question 10

why do most sex-linked disorders effect males?

Answer 10

because men get an X and a Y, Y doesn’t have genetic information on it so anything that is on the X chromosome shows up as a phenotype