Chapter 29 - Cold War 1949-1989 Flashcards
A philosophical and cultural movement often associated with John Paul Sartre and Camus for whom an authentic human response to an apparently meaningless universe entailed commitment and responsibility
Existentialism
Frenchman influential in developing existentialism
Jean-Paul Sartre
Russian writer, descendent, and activist helped raise global awareness of the Gulag and the Soviet Union’s forced labor camp system
Solzhenitsyn
The Soviet Union government agency that administered the main Soviet forced labor camp system during the Stalin era 1930s-1950s
Gulags
English novelist and journalist marked by clarity, intelligence, and wit
awareness of social injustice opposition to totalitarianism and commit commitment to democratic socialism
wrote “1984” and “Animal “
George Orwell
French Catholic philosopher raised protestant converted to Catholicism
Helped revive “St. Thomas Aquinas” for modern times
Jaques Maritain
Concept prevalent in Western countries after World War II the government should adopt large-scale social welfare measures while maintaining a primarily capitalistic economy
Welfare State
Officially the European Recovery Program - American program to aid Europe in which US gave economic support to help rebuild European economies after World War II in order to prevent spread of Soviet communist
Marshall Plan
First postwar Chancellor of Germany from 1949-1963 lead country from ruins of World War II to a powerful prosperous nation that forged close relations with old enemies France and US
Konrad Adenauer
German, leader of Social Democratic Party of Germany policy of opening to east made possible closer economic ties between West and East Germany
Willy Brandt
French general that lead Free French Forces during World War II
founded French Fifth Republic served as its first president
Charles De Gaulle
Worker and student led uprising during 1968 in France
Days of May
Artificial sea level waterway in Egypt connecting Mediterranean Sea to Red Sea making it the shortest route between East and West
crisis prompted by Egypt’s nationalization of British-owned _____
Britain, France, and Israel trying to seize it
Suez Canal
First woman; Conservative prime minister of Britain
promoted privatization and free enterprise at the expense of the welfare state and the British labor unions
Margaret Thatcher
Lead Soviet Union during the Cold War
served as first secretary of Communist Party of Soviet Union
Nikita Krushachev
1962 - The closest the world world came to a nuclear war
crisis between the US and Soviet Union
Cuban Missile Crisis
Organized environmental movement did not take off until after World War I
Green Movement
1949 - organization constitutes a system of collective defense whereby it’s member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by an external party constitutes 70% of the world’s defense spending
NATO - North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Military diplomatic alliance of Soviet bloc countries created to counter NATO; provided for a joint military command and mutual military assistance
Warsaw Pact
Important Cold War event when a period of political liberation in Czechoslovakia during the era of it’s domination by the Soviet Union after World War II
reforms attempted by Dubcek
Prague Spring
German communist who played a leading role in the creation of the Weimar-era communist
first secretary of Socialist unity party
Walter Ulbricht
A barrier constructed by the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) in 1961 that cut off West Berlin from East Germany and East Berlin anti-fascist
Berlin Wall
General Sec. of Central Committee of Communist Party of the Soviet Union
during his role the global influence of the Soviet Union grew dramatically in part due to expansion of Soviet military
Leonid Brezhnev
The undoing of colonialism
the unequal relation of policies whereby one people or nation establishes and maintains dependent territory over another
refers to dismantlement after World War II
Decolonization
