Chapter 29 - Cold War 1949-1989

Question 0

A philosophical and cultural movement often associated with John Paul Sartre and Camus for whom an authentic human response to an apparently meaningless universe entailed commitment and responsibility

Answer 0

Existentialism

Question 1

Frenchman influential in developing existentialism

Answer 1

Jean-Paul Sartre

Question 2

Russian writer, descendent, and activist helped raise global awareness of the Gulag and the Soviet Union’s forced labor camp system

Answer 2

Solzhenitsyn

Question 3

The Soviet Union government agency that administered the main Soviet forced labor camp system during the Stalin era 1930s-1950s

Answer 3

Gulags

Question 4

English novelist and journalist marked by clarity, intelligence, and wit

awareness of social injustice opposition to totalitarianism and commit commitment to democratic socialism

wrote “1984” and “Animal “

Answer 4

George Orwell

Question 5

French Catholic philosopher raised protestant converted to Catholicism
Helped revive “St. Thomas Aquinas” for modern times

Answer 5

Jaques Maritain

Question 6

Concept prevalent in Western countries after World War II the government should adopt large-scale social welfare measures while maintaining a primarily capitalistic economy

Answer 6

Welfare State

Question 7

Officially the European Recovery Program - American program to aid Europe in which US gave economic support to help rebuild European economies after World War II in order to prevent spread of Soviet communist

Answer 7

Marshall Plan

Question 8

First postwar Chancellor of Germany from 1949-1963 lead country from ruins of World War II to a powerful prosperous nation that forged close relations with old enemies France and US

Answer 8

Konrad Adenauer

Question 9

German, leader of Social Democratic Party of Germany policy of opening to east made possible closer economic ties between West and East Germany

Answer 9

Willy Brandt

Question 10

French general that lead Free French Forces during World War II
founded French Fifth Republic served as its first president

Answer 10

Charles De Gaulle

Question 11

Worker and student led uprising during 1968 in France

Answer 11

Days of May

Question 12

Artificial sea level waterway in Egypt connecting Mediterranean Sea to Red Sea making it the shortest route between East and West
crisis prompted by Egypt’s nationalization of British-owned _____
Britain, France, and Israel trying to seize it

Answer 12

Suez Canal

Question 13

First woman; Conservative prime minister of Britain

promoted privatization and free enterprise at the expense of the welfare state and the British labor unions

Answer 13

Margaret Thatcher

Question 14

Lead Soviet Union during the Cold War

served as first secretary of Communist Party of Soviet Union

Answer 14

Nikita Krushachev

Question 15

1962 - The closest the world world came to a nuclear war

crisis between the US and Soviet Union

Answer 15

Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 16

Organized environmental movement did not take off until after World War I

Answer 16

Green Movement

Question 17

1949 - organization constitutes a system of collective defense whereby it’s member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by an external party constitutes 70% of the world’s defense spending

Answer 17

NATO - North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Question 18

Military diplomatic alliance of Soviet bloc countries created to counter NATO; provided for a joint military command and mutual military assistance

Answer 18

Warsaw Pact

Question 19

Important Cold War event when a period of political liberation in Czechoslovakia during the era of it’s domination by the Soviet Union after World War II
reforms attempted by Dubcek

Answer 19

Prague Spring

Question 20

German communist who played a leading role in the creation of the Weimar-era communist

first secretary of Socialist unity party

Answer 20

Walter Ulbricht

Question 21

A barrier constructed by the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) in 1961 that cut off West Berlin from East Germany and East Berlin anti-fascist

Answer 21

Berlin Wall

Question 22

General Sec. of Central Committee of Communist Party of the Soviet Union

during his role the global influence of the Soviet Union grew dramatically in part due to expansion of Soviet military

Answer 22

Leonid Brezhnev

Question 23

The undoing of colonialism
the unequal relation of policies whereby one people or nation establishes and maintains dependent territory over another

refers to dismantlement after World War II

Answer 23

Decolonization

Question 24

Vietnamese Communist revolutionary leader who was Prime Minister and Pres. of Democratic Republic of Vietnam

Answer 24

Ho Chi Minh

Question 25

A trade union formed in communist Poland, it became the nucleus of widespread demands for change including independent labor organizations, the right to strike, and freedom of expression

Answer 25

Solidarity

Question 26

A first-time non-Italian pope he was from Poland

behind the Iron Curtain

the Archbishop of Cracow

Answer 26

Pope John Paul II

Question 27

40th president of the United States before that he was the 33rd governor of California, radio, film, and television actor

Reaganomics - advocated reducing tax rates to spur economic growth, controlling money supply to reduce inflation, deregulation of economy, reducing government spending

Answer 27

Ronald Reagan

Question 28

1973 - Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries declared an embargo on shipment of oil to those countries that had supported Israel and it’s conflict with Egypt - dependents of industrialized world on oil

Answer 28

OPEC Oil Crisis

Question 29

1970’s Militant left-wing organization in Italy, Marxist, Leninist vanguard parliamentary organization was responsible for numerous violent incidents, assassinations and, robberies during so-called Year of Lead

Answer 29

Red Brigade

Question 30

Soviet communist party secretary attempted to reform Soviet communist system through arms reduction, liberation in satellite states; glasnost (openness) and perestroika (economic restructuring)

Answer 30

Mikhail Gorbachev

Question 31

Policy called for increased openness and transparency in government institutions and activities and Soviet Union

introduced by Gorbachev

Answer 31

Glasnost

Question 32

A political movement for reformation within the Communist Party of Soviet Union, restructuring Soviet political and economic system introduced by Gorbachev

Answer 32

Perestroika

Question 33

German conservative politician and statesman - was Chancellor of Germany and chairman of Christian Democratic Union

Answer 33

Helmut Kohl

Question 34

21st president of Francee, ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra; longest-serving president of France; leader of the Socialist party; first figure from the left elected president under Fifth Republic

Answer 34

Francois Mitterrand

Question 35

1986. Was a catastrophic nuclear accident at a nuclear power plant in Ukraine - worst in history

Answer 35

Chernobyl

Question 36

Soviet Pres. Mikhail Gorbachev resigned declaring his office extinct, handed over Soviet nuclear missile launching codes to Russian Pres. Yeltsin

Answer 36

December 25, 1991