Chapter 26 - Illusion of Stability 1919-1930 Flashcards
Characterizing the decades distinctive cultural edge in New York City, Chicago, Paris, Berlin, London, and many other major cities during a period of sustained economic prosperity emphasizing the era’s social, artistic, and cultural dynamism
jazz music blossomed
flapper redefined modern womanhood
Art Deco peaked
cinemas arose
Wall Street Crash 1929 ended the era - Great Depression began
The Roaring Twenties 1920’s
American-born French dancer, singer, and actress who became a citizen of France
comic-sensual appeal took Europe by storm
Josephine Baker
Chinese revolutionary; first president and founding father of the Republic of China
Sun Yixien
Preeminent leader of Indian nationalism in British ruled India employing nonviolent civil disobedience led India to Independence inspired movements for nonviolence civil rights and freedom across the world
Mohandas Gandhi (Bapu)
Named after French prime minister of war Andre Maginot
line of concrete fortifications, obstacles, and weapon installations that France constructed along its borders with Germany
Maginot Line
Violent anti-democratic movement founded by Mussolini
form of radical authoritarian nationalism that came to prominence in mid 20th century Europe
exalts nation and race above individuals
term encompasses Hitler’s Nazi regime stressing disciplined national solidarity
Fascism
Founder of fascism
Italian politician, journalist, and leader of National Fascist Party ruling from 1922 to 1943
Benito Mussolini
Established Fascist Italy
not capitalism - the American dream
-involve people not as citizens but as producers
-political or social organization of people into corporate groups such as agriculture, business, ethnic, labor, military, etc. on basis of common interests
Corporativisim
Italian Socialist politician alleging that the fascist committed fraud in elections
assassinated by Fascist
Matteotti
Treaty between Italy and Vatican signed by Mussolini
recognized Vatican City as a sovereign and independent papal state
Lateran? Pact
American mechanical engineer sought to improve industrial efficiency
devised scientific management to create ultimate efficient work environment
Frederick W Taylor
American industrialist founder of the Ford Motor Company sponsor of development of assembly-line technique of mass production
he did not invent the first automobile but manufactured the first automobile
Henry Ford
De facto leader of Soviet Union mid 1920s to 1953
one of the most murderous dictators in history
jettisoned the new economic policy instituted program of crash industrial is an agricultural collectivism
Joseph Stalin
Russian Marxist; revolutionary theorist; first leader of the red Army
Leon Trotsky
Third International
International communist organization initiated in Moscow 1919
to translate their success in Russia into leadership of the international Socialist movement
Comintern
Russian economic liberalization measure aimed at reviving economy in crisis restored considerable scope for private enterprise and allowed peasants to sell some of their harvest
New Economic Policy
American aviator who made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean in 1927
Charles Lindbergh
German statesman of Weimar Republic; secured a reduction of Germany’s reparation payments and negotiated the Treaty of Locarno paving way for Germany’s entry into the League of Nations in 1926
Gustav Stresemann
Foreign Minister of France who helped Stresemann improve international relations that loved optimism during the late 1920’s
Co-Laureate of 1926 Nobel Peace Prize
Served 11 terms
Aristide Briand
Name given to Federal Republic and Parliamentary representative democracy established 1919 in Germany to replace the Imperial form of government
Weimar Republic
1924
Plan to attempt to stabilize Weimar Germany’s economy after WWI
Dawes Plan
- One of the most influential authors of the 20th century
- German language writer of novels and short stories
- influenced genres such as existentialism
- works “Die Verwandung” “Der Process”
Franz Kafka
German historian, philosopher of history, wrote “The Decline of the West”
new theory that lifespan is limited and ultimately decay
Spengler
Italian idealist, philosopher, historian, humanist of the first half of the 20th century
President of PEN International worldwide writers Association
Croce
Spanish liberal philosopher and essayist
first half of the 20th century
Gasset
English writer
formost Modernist of 20th century
wrote “Mrs. Dalloway”, “To the Lighthouse”, “A Room of One’s Own”
Virginia Woolf
A literary and artistic movement that emerged in Paris early 1920s Saught to explore subconscious which is believed to hold something liberating for human beings
Surrealism
Influential German art school 1919
sought to adopt contemporary materials to develop new forms of architecture, design, and urban planning in response to cultural uncertainty that followed World War I
Bauhaus
