Chapter 29 Flashcards
The final event in the series of events in drowning is:
a. unresponsiveness leading to respiratory arrest.
b. cardiac arrest.
c. altered mental status leading to respiratory arrest.
d. a seizure leading to unresponsiveness leading to respiratory arrest.
a. unresponsiveness leading to respiratory arrest.
b. cardiac arrest.
c. altered mental status leading to respiratory arrest.
d. a seizure leading to unresponsiveness leading to respiratory arrest.
Answer: b
Objective: 29-3
Reference: 921
The distinction between dry drowning and wet drowning involves:
a. how much fluid enters the lungs.
b. the amount of trauma to the laryngopharynx.
c. the closing of the epiglottis.
d. the pressure against the cricoid cartilage.
a. how much fluid enters the lungs.
b. the amount of trauma to the laryngopharynx.
c. the closing of the epiglottis.
d. the pressure against the cricoid cartilage.
Answer: a
Objective: 29-1
Reference: 922
The mammalian diving reflex is most prominent in:
a. experienced swimmers.
b. deep-water divers.
c. adults in warm water.
d. young children.
a. experienced swimmers.
b. deep-water divers.
c. adults in warm water.
d. young children.
Answer: d
Objective: 29-2
Reference: 922
The two submersion injuries are:
a. diving and drowning.
b. drowning and near-drowning.
c. the mammalian diving reflex and near-drowning.
d. delayed submersion and advance drowning syndrome.
a. diving and drowning.
b. drowning and near-drowning.
c. the mammalian diving reflex and near-drowning.
d. delayed submersion and advance drowning syndrome.
Answer: b
Objective: 29-3
Reference: 925, 926
Drowning is defined as:
a. fluid oxidation of the lungs.
b. death by traumatic injury to the airway.
c. respiratory impairment due to trauma.
d. suffocation by submersion in a liquid.
a. fluid oxidation of the lungs.
b. death by traumatic injury to the airway.
c. respiratory impairment due to trauma.
d. suffocation by submersion in a liquid.
Answer: d
Objective: 29-3
Reference: 925
In a water emergency, drowning asphyxia leads to:
a. tightening of the epiglottis.
b. blockage of the cricoid cartilage.
c. relaxation of the airway.
d. collapse of the lungs.
a. tightening of the epiglottis.
b. blockage of the cricoid cartilage.
c. relaxation of the airway.
d. collapse of the lungs.
Answer: c
Objective: 29-3
Reference: 921
Patients who die 24–72 hours after a water emergency are said to die from:
a. secondary drowning.
b. near-drowning.
c. drowning.
d. post-drowning.
a. secondary drowning.
b. near-drowning.
c. drowning.
d. post-drowning.
Answer: a
Objective: 29-5
Reference: 926
Two of the most important conditions that can complicate drowning and near-drowning are:
a. water depth and pH.
b. undertow and turbidity.
c. time of day and air temperature.
d. water temperature and salinity.
a. water depth and pH.
b. undertow and turbidity.
c. time of day and air temperature.
d. water temperature and salinity.
Answer: d
Objective: 29-3
Reference: 926
Salt water, which has a higher tonicity than body tissues, shifts fluids:
a. out of the bloodstream and into the lungs.
b. out of the bloodstream and into the esophagus.
c. toward the duodenum.
d. into the nasal cavity.
a. out of the bloodstream and into the lungs.
b. out of the bloodstream and into the esophagus.
c. toward the duodenum.
d. into the nasal cavity.
Answer: a
Objective: Supplemental
Reference: 927
In drowning or near-drowning, pathogens such as bacteria or giardia may be aspirated, which can cause:
a. death of lung tissues.
b. septic shock.
c. local or systemic infections.
d. cardiac arrhythmia.
a. death of lung tissues.
b. septic shock.
c. local or systemic infections.
d. cardiac arrhythmia.
Answer: c
Objective: Supplemental
Reference: 927
Decompression sickness (DSC) or the “bends” is a(n):
a. excessive O2 level in the body.
b. buildup of nitrous acid in the body.
c. high level of carbon dioxide in the body.
d. buildup of nitrogen bubbles in the body.
a. excessive O2 level in the body.
b. buildup of nitrous acid in the body.
c. high level of carbon dioxide in the body.
d. buildup of nitrogen bubbles in the body.
Answer: d
Objective: 29-3
Reference: 927
Decompression sickness can cause:
a. swelling of the vocal cords.
b. severe muscle and joint pain.
c. swelling of the tongue.
d. swelling of the cricoid cartilage.
a. swelling of the vocal cords.
b. severe muscle and joint pain.
c. swelling of the tongue.
d. swelling of the cricoid cartilage.
Answer: b
Objective: 29-7
Reference: 928
Large nitrogen bubbles can act as a(n):
a. carrier for glucose.
b. embolus that blocks blood flow.
c. oxygen inhibitor.
d. carbon dioxide carrier.
a. carrier for glucose.
b. embolus that blocks blood flow.
c. oxygen inhibitor.
d. carbon dioxide carrier.
Answer: b
Objective: 29-3
Reference: 928
When arterial gas embolism (AGE) occurs, the gas within the lungs:
a. causes an open pneumothorax.
b. causes the trachea to close.
c. contracts, and the bronchioles start to spasm.
d. expands, rupturing alveoli.
a. causes an open pneumothorax.
b. causes the trachea to close.
c. contracts, and the bronchioles start to spasm.
d. expands, rupturing alveoli.
Answer: d
Objective: 29-3
Reference: 928
The cause of AGE is:
a. a rapid descent by a diver.
b. a rapid ascent by a diver.
c. diving below 100 feet.
d. diving below 100 feet for longer than 30 minutes.
a. a rapid descent by a diver.
b. a rapid ascent by a diver.
c. diving below 100 feet.
d. diving below 100 feet for longer than 30 minutes.
Answer: b
Objective: 29-3
Reference: 928