Chapter 27 Flashcards
You are teaching a basic OEC class and need to explain toxins. Which of the following statements is the best description of a toxin?
a. It is a poison made by a living creature, including plants and animals.
b. It is a poison that comes from a chemical.
c. It is a usually transmitted by a bite or a sting.
d. It is anything ingested that causes an anaphylactic reaction.
a. It is a poison made by a living creature, including plants and animals.
b. It is a poison that comes from a chemical.
c. It is a usually transmitted by a bite or a sting.
d. It is anything ingested that causes an anaphylactic reaction.
Answer: a
Objective: 27-1
Reference: 862
You have been doing some spring cleaning in your yard, and the next day you notice a red, itchy rash developing on your arms. Your doctor tells you that you have poison ivy. You recognize that this reaction occurs because:
a. poison from the plant entered your bloodstream.
b. venom from the plant reacted with your body.
c. a toxic substance came in contact with your skin.
d. your body was unable to create an antigen.
a. poison from the plant entered your bloodstream.
b. venom from the plant reacted with your body.
c. a toxic substance came in contact with your skin.
d. your body was unable to create an antigen.
Answer: c
Objective: 27-3
Reference: 863
You and your friends have been examining cactus plants when your friend gets stuck by one of the plant’s spines. You recognize that a cactus spine can:
a. inject a toxin that causes a systemic reaction.
b. get stuck in the skin and cause a local reaction.
c. cause an immediate anaphylactic reaction in some individuals.
d. just be uncomfortable but will not cause a reaction.
a. inject a toxin that causes a systemic reaction.
b. get stuck in the skin and cause a local reaction.
c. cause an immediate anaphylactic reaction in some individuals.
d. just be uncomfortable but will not cause a reaction.
Answer: b
Objective: 27-2
Reference: 864
On a camping trip with your family, your children ask if they can pick some plants for part of their wilderness dinner. Based on your OEC training, you explain to your children that they need to be careful picking wild plants and flowers, and that:
a. plants that do not cause any local reaction when they are picked are safe to eat.
b. the worst that can happen from eating a bad plant is you will get sick to your stomach.
c. leaves may be poisonous but most berries found in the woods are safe to eat.
d. some plants can be very toxic, so it is best not to eat anything unless you are sure what it is.
a. plants that do not cause any local reaction when they are picked are safe to eat.
b. the worst that can happen from eating a bad plant is you will get sick to your stomach.
c. leaves may be poisonous but most berries found in the woods are safe to eat.
d. some plants can be very toxic, so it is best not to eat anything unless you are sure what it is.
Answer: d
Objective: 27-2
Reference: 865
Your girlfriend tells you that she has heard about a very fragrant plant that grows in the woods. She describes the plant as having bright green leaves and small white flowers. Based on your OEC knowledge of toxic plants, you believe that your girlfriend is describing:
a. lily of the valley.
b. autumn crocus.
c. belladonna.
d. huckleberry.
a. lily of the valley.
b. autumn crocus.
c. belladonna.
d. huckleberry.
Answer: a
Objective: 27-2
Reference: 866
Some plants can have very toxic effects on the body but can act medicinally when given in measured doses. Which of the following is not an example of such plants?
a. Belladonna
b. Castor oil
c. Monkshood
d. Foxglove
a. Belladonna
b. Castor oil
c. Monkshood
d. Foxglove
Answer: c
Objective: 27-2
Reference: 865
You are at a cookout with friends when one of the adults starts yelling excitedly that her 4 year old appears to have been nibbling on the azalea bush in the front yard. Based on your knowledge of this plant’s toxicity, you would say which of the following things to the parent?
a. “You have nothing to worry about. Many people grow azaleas because they know they are safe.”
b. “The worst that will happen is some nausea and vomiting that will teach your child not to eat azalea leaves again.”
c. “You need to worry only if you see your child starting to get a rash.”
d. “Ingested azaleas can be very toxic. You should have your child checked right away.”
a. “You have nothing to worry about. Many people grow azaleas because they know they are safe.”
b. “The worst that will happen is some nausea and vomiting that will teach your child not to eat azalea leaves again.”
c. “You need to worry only if you see your child starting to get a rash.”
d. “Ingested azaleas can be very toxic. You should have your child checked right away.”
Answer: d
Objective: 27-3
Reference: 868
A specific toxin or poisonous secretion of an animal that is usually transmitted by a bite or sting is known as:
a. venom.
b. antigen.
c. bullae.
d. nettle.
a. venom.
b. antigen.
c. bullae.
d. nettle.
Answer: a
Objective: 27-1
Reference: 862
Which of the following groups are not main groups of mushrooms?
a. False morels
b. Little brown mushrooms
c. Amanitas
d. Little white mushrooms
a. False morels
b. Little brown mushrooms
c. Amanitas
d. Little white mushrooms
Answer: d
Objective: 27-2
Reference: 870, 871
It’s early fall and you have been backpacking on part of the Appalachian Trail with some friends. One member of the group comes up to you holding some bright orange mushrooms and asks if you think they are safe to eat. Based on your training, you would respond with which of the following statements?
a. “Those are very toxic and would kill you if you ate them.”
b. “Those mushrooms can cause some pretty severe abdominal upsets.”
c. “If you just eat the mushroom cap, you should be OK.”
d. “Most toxic mushrooms are brown, so those are probably all right to eat.”
a. “Those are very toxic and would kill you if you ate them.”
b. “Those mushrooms can cause some pretty severe abdominal upsets.”
c. “If you just eat the mushroom cap, you should be OK.”
d. “Most toxic mushrooms are brown, so those are probably all right to eat.”
Answer: b
Objective: 27-2
Reference: 870, 871
Plants most commonly cause toxic reactions through which of the following routes?
a. Ingestion and inhalation
b. Topical contact and injection
c. Ingestion and topical contact
d. Inhalation and injection
a. Ingestion and inhalation
b. Topical contact and injection
c. Ingestion and topical contact
d. Inhalation and injection
Answer: c
Objective: 27-3
Reference: 862
A spider bite that can resemble a “bull’s-eye target” is most often caused by a:
a. black widow spider.
b. brown recluse spider.
c. hobo spider.
d. funnel web spider.
a. black widow spider.
b. brown recluse spider.
c. hobo spider.
d. funnel web spider.
Answer: a
Objective: 27-4
Reference: 871
The bite of which of the following spiders that are indigenous to Australia may produce significant toxicity and thus should be treated as potentially life threatening?
a. Black widow spider
b. Bark scorpion
c. Funnel web spider
d. Wolf spider
a. Black widow spider
b. Bark scorpion
c. Funnel web spider
d. Wolf spider
Answer: c
Objective: 27-4
Reference: 873
You will be taking a group of scouts on a weekend camping trip. You recognize that ticks are typically active at this time of year, so you want to teach the scouts about them. Which of the following statements about ticks is false?
a. Campers should check their skin regularly, especially in the evening before going to bed.
b. A red circle with a blanched white center is characteristic of the rash caused by a tick bite.
c. The typical disease transmitted by ticks is Lyme disease.
d. Tick bites are painful, so you will know when you have been bitten.
a. Campers should check their skin regularly, especially in the evening before going to bed.
b. A red circle with a blanched white center is characteristic of the rash caused by a tick bite.
c. The typical disease transmitted by ticks is Lyme disease.
d. Tick bites are painful, so you will know when you have been bitten.
Answer: d
Objective: 27-4
Reference: 874
Which of the following signs and symptoms is not a characteristic of a bee, wasp, or hornet sting?
a. Nausea and vomiting
b. Joint aching
c. Pain
d. Swelling
a. Nausea and vomiting
b. Joint aching
c. Pain
d. Swelling
Answer: a
Objective: 27-4
Reference: 875, 876
