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PULMONOLOGY > Chapter 289 - Disorders of the Mediastinum > Flashcards

Chapter 289 - Disorders of the Mediastinum Flashcards

1
Q

Borders of the anterior mediastinum

A

Manubrium and sternum anteriorly, pericardium, aorta, and brachiocephalic vessels posteriorly

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2
Q

Borders of the middle compartment

A

Anterior mediastinum anteriorly, posterior mediastinum posteriorly

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3
Q

Borders of the Posterior mediastinum

A

Pericardium and trachea anteriorly; vertebral column posteriorly

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4
Q

Pericardium & heart,

A

Middle Mediastinum

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5
Q

ascending and transverse arch of aorta

A

Middle Mediastinum

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6
Q

superior and inferior vena cavae

A

Middle Mediastinum

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7
Q

brachiocephalic arteries and veins

A

Middle Mediastinum

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8
Q

phrenic nerves

A

Middle Mediastinum

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9
Q

trachea and main bronchi

A

Middle Mediastinum

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10
Q

pulmonary arteries, and veins

A

Middle Mediastinum

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11
Q

Thymoma

A

Anterior Mediastinum

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12
Q

lymphomas

A

Anterior Mediastinum

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13
Q

teratomatous neoplasms

A

Anterior Mediastinum

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14
Q

thyroid masses

A

Anterior Mediastinum

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15
Q

parathyroid masses

A

Anterior Mediastinum

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16
Q

mesenchymal tumors

A

Anterior Mediastinum

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17
Q

giant lymph node hyperplasia,

A

Anterior Mediastinum

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18
Q

hernia through foramen of Morgagni

A

Anterior Mediastinum

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19
Q

Metastatic lymph node enlargement

A

Middle Mediastinum

20
Q

granulomatous lymph node enlargement

A

Middle Mediastinum

21
Q

pleuropericardial cysts

A

Middle Mediastinum

22
Q

bronchogenic cysts

A

Middle Mediastinum

23
Q

masses of vascular origin

A

Middle Mediastinum

24
Q

Thymus gland

A

Anterior Mediastinum

25
Q

anterior mediastinal LN

A

Anterior Mediastinum

26
Q

internal mammary arteries, and veins

A

Anterior Mediastinum

27
Q

Descending thoracic aorta,

A

Posterior Mediastinum

28
Q

esophagus

A

Posterior Mediastinum

29
Q

thoracic duct

A

Posterior Mediastinum

30
Q

azygos and hemiazygos veins

A

Posterior Mediastinum

31
Q

sympathetic chains

A

Posterior Mediastinum

32
Q

posterior group of mediastinal lymph nodes

A

Posterior Mediastinum

33
Q

Neurogenic tumors

A

Posterior Mediastinum

34
Q

meningocele

A

Posterior Mediastinum

35
Q

meningomyelocele

A

Posterior Mediastinum

36
Q

gastroenteric cysts

A

Posterior Mediastinum

37
Q

esophageal diverticula

A

Posterior Mediastinum

38
Q

hernia through foramen of Bochdalek

A

Posterior Mediastinum

39
Q

extramedullary hematopoiesis

A

Posterior Mediastinum

40
Q

Most valuable imaging technique in evaluating mediastinal masses

A

CT scan

41
Q

incidence of mediastinitis after median sternotomy

A

0.4-5%

42
Q

3 usual causes of acute mediastinitis

A
  1. esophageal perforation
  2. after median sternotomy for cardiac surgery
  3. infections descending from the neck, oral cavity, or facial area
43
Q

Most cases of Chronic Mediastinitis are due to

A

Histoplasmosis

TB

44
Q

3 main causes of pneumomediastinum

A
  1. Alveolar rupture with dissection of air into the mediastinum
  2. Perforation or rupture of the esophagus, trachea, main bronchi
  3. dissection of air from the neck to abdomen into the mediastinum
45
Q

Crunching or clicking noise synchronous with the heart beat best heard in the left lateral decubitus position

A

Hamman’s sign

PULMONOLOGY (10 decks)

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