Chapter 28: Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases Flashcards
AATD A1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
Autosomal recessive disorder that may affect the lungs of liver. Genetic risk factor for COPD.
Asthma
Heterogenous disease characterized by bronchial hyperactivity with reversible expiratory airflow limitation
Bronchiectasis
Characterized by permanent, abnormal dilation of medium-sized bronchi. It’s the result of inflammatory changes that destroy elastic and muscular structures.
CPT Chest Physiotherapy
Mainly used for patients with excessive bronchial secretions who have difficulty clearing them. Consists of postural drainage, percussion, and vibration. Can be very stressful to patient.
Chronic Bronchitis
Presence of cough and sputum production for at least 3 months in each of 2 consecutive years.
COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Preventable, treatable, but often progressive disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation.
Cor Pulmonale
Results from pulmonary hypertension, which is caused by diseases affecting the lungs or pulmonary blood vessels. It is a late manifestation of COPD
Cystic Fibrosis
Autosomal recessive, multisystem disease characterized by altered transport of sodium and chloride ions in and out of the epithelial cells. Defect mostly affects the lungs, GI (pancreas and biliary), and reproductive tract).
Emphysema
The destruction of alveoli without fibrosis, describes one of several structural abnormalities in COPD patients.
O2 Toxicity
May result from prolonged exposure to a high level of o2. High levels of o2 can result in in severe inflammatory response.
Postural Drinage
Use of positioning techniques that drain secretions from specific segment of the lungs and bronchi into the trachea.
PLB Pursed Lip Breathing
The purpose is to prolong exhalation, which prevents bronchiolar collapse and air trapping
Status Asthmaticus
Life-threatening medical emergency and the most extreme form of an acute asthma attack. It is characterized by hypoxia, hypercapnia, and acute respiratory failure. Patient is unresponsive to bronchodilators and corticosteroids.