Chapter 28: Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

AATD A1-Antitrypsin Deficiency

A

Autosomal recessive disorder that may affect the lungs of liver. Genetic risk factor for COPD.

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2
Q

Asthma

A

Heterogenous disease characterized by bronchial hyperactivity with reversible expiratory airflow limitation

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3
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

Characterized by permanent, abnormal dilation of medium-sized bronchi. It’s the result of inflammatory changes that destroy elastic and muscular structures.

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4
Q

CPT Chest Physiotherapy

A

Mainly used for patients with excessive bronchial secretions who have difficulty clearing them. Consists of postural drainage, percussion, and vibration. Can be very stressful to patient.

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5
Q

Chronic Bronchitis

A

Presence of cough and sputum production for at least 3 months in each of 2 consecutive years.

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6
Q

COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

A

Preventable, treatable, but often progressive disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation.

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7
Q

Cor Pulmonale

A

Results from pulmonary hypertension, which is caused by diseases affecting the lungs or pulmonary blood vessels. It is a late manifestation of COPD

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8
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

A

Autosomal recessive, multisystem disease characterized by altered transport of sodium and chloride ions in and out of the epithelial cells. Defect mostly affects the lungs, GI (pancreas and biliary), and reproductive tract).

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9
Q

Emphysema

A

The destruction of alveoli without fibrosis, describes one of several structural abnormalities in COPD patients.

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10
Q

O2 Toxicity

A

May result from prolonged exposure to a high level of o2. High levels of o2 can result in in severe inflammatory response.

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11
Q

Postural Drinage

A

Use of positioning techniques that drain secretions from specific segment of the lungs and bronchi into the trachea.

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12
Q

PLB Pursed Lip Breathing

A

The purpose is to prolong exhalation, which prevents bronchiolar collapse and air trapping

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13
Q

Status Asthmaticus

A

Life-threatening medical emergency and the most extreme form of an acute asthma attack. It is characterized by hypoxia, hypercapnia, and acute respiratory failure. Patient is unresponsive to bronchodilators and corticosteroids.

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