Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OT 421: Occ Performance & Context Child/Adol > Chapter 28: Mental Health Conditions > Flashcards

Chapter 28: Mental Health Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What % of children worldwide have mental health conditions?

A

13.4%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

___ in ____ children in the US have mental health conditions

A

1 in 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is there a gender difference between boys and girls with diagnoses?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Intellectual disabilities characterization

A

Mild, moderate, severe and profound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mild intellectual disability

A

Social nuances, issues with multi-step motor activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Moderate intellectual disability

A

Elementary level academics, trouble with higher level abstract skills, social awareness is a bit off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Severe intellectual disability

A

Limited language, ADL support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Profound intellectual disability

A

Major impairments, social issues/nonverbal, sensory issues, physical issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ASD

A

Impairments in social communication and interactions, repetitive behaviors, interests or activities that result in impairment in occupational and social engagement.
- Flapping, rocking, toe walking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)

A

5-15 % of the school-age population
Dyslexia (reading)
Dyscalculia (math)
Dysgraphia/Written expression disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ADHD

A

Grouped under neurodevelopmental and mental health condition
May cause challenges in social settings
May occur with other psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, ODD, etc.
Can affect a child’s ability to participate in school, social interactions, and all other aspects of daily life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3 main symptoms of ADHD

A

Decreased attention, hyperactivity, impulsivity
Affect behavior, mood, and thinking patterns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What percent of population has ADHD?

A

8.8%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tic disorder- Tourette syndrome

A

Sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic motor movements and vocalizations
Involuntary
Develop between 4-6, peak at 10-12
Typically seen with other issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mood disorders

A

Depression
Bipolar
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Usually emerge after puberty hits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Depression

A

Symptoms: little to no motivation to do things they enjoy, lack of socialization, sadness, fatigue, lack of sleeping or sleeping too much

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Symptoms: depressive and manic episodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

A

Symptoms: reckless behavior, temper tantrums

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Anxiety disorders

A

Separation anxiety
Selective mutism
Specific phobia
Social anxiety
Panic attacks
Agoraphobia

20
Q

What is the most common mental health diagnosis among children?

A

Anxiety (20%)

21
Q

Are boys or girls 2-3 times more likely to have an anxiety disorder?

A

Girls

22
Q

What is the prevalence of sleep problems for children with anxiety disorders?

A

75-80%

23
Q

Separation anxiety

A

Excessive amount of distress and occurs in 3 different stages and reaches its peak around 14-18 months and hopefully will gradually get better with age
Help to put children at ease

24
Q

Selective mutism

A

Severe anxiety disorder, lose ability to speak due to anxiety and is an overwhelming condition
Starts between ages 2 and 4 and noticeable when having to interact with people outside of close family such as at school

25
Q

Specific phobia

A

Intense, irrational fear of something that does not pose a serious threat
Excessive fear that affects functioning, socialization, leaving the house

26
Q

Social anxiety

A

Everyday interactions cause significant anxiety
Fear of being in social situation and is the most common phobia
Fear of being watched and judged by others
Avoiding social situations out of fear of embarrassment
Physical symptoms → fast heartbeat, sweating, nausea, dizziness

27
Q

Agoraphobia

A

Fearing and avoiding places that may cause panic and a feeling of being trapped

28
Q

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)

A

Based on thought and behavior
Obsessions (thinking)
Compulsions (behavior)

29
Q

Obsessions (OCD)

A

Contamination → scared of germs
Magical thinking → “if i touch everything a certain way I’ll be okay”
Catastrophizing → worst case scenario about everything (unlikely to happen)
Scrupulosity → worry about offending God if they don’t do something
What ifs → “what if I do something bad and end up in prison?” (unlikely to happen)

30
Q

Compulsions (OCD)

A

Repetitive behaviors that the child feels driven to perform that are unwanted or debilitating
“I have to turn off the lights 5 times before I feel okay”
Washing hands over and over again
Locking and unlocking doors
Develops around 6-9 years old

31
Q

Conduct disorders

A

ODD → disobedient, hostile, defiant behavior
May develop into a conduct disorder as they age
Aggressive to others, aggressive to animals, property destruction
Children grow up to have a lot more issues → unemployment, depression, anxiety

32
Q

Schizophrenia

A

Abnormalities of delusions, hallucination, disorganized thinking, abnormal motor behavior, diminished emotional expression or movement
Diagnosis will not occur before 18
Genetic abnormalities of brain structure

33
Q

Delusion

A

Believing something that is not true

34
Q

Hallucination

A

Seeing/hearing something that is not actually there

35
Q

Trauma

A

PTSD, attachment disorder, adverse childhood experiences

36
Q

PTSD

A

Abuse, natural disaster, fire/car accident, death, children who have had medical issues/extensive medical problems (in and out of hospitals)

37
Q

Attachment disorder

A

Trouble attaching to someone to get their needs met
Children raised in the foster care system (connection is not made) can affect them in the future

38
Q

Adverse childhood experiences

A

Changes brain development of children who have experienced trauma
Social skills may not be typically developing
Trauma effects emotional regulation, attention, sleep, emotional attachment, executive functioning
Be sure to understand a child’s background

39
Q

Eating disorders

A

10% of population
Paired with another psychiatric disorder
Body image distortion, low self esteem ,poor emotional regulation and stress management

40
Q

Substance abuse

A

8% of adolescents meet the criteria (substance and gambling)
Alcohol abuse → SCI, TBI, car accidents (behind the wheel)
Affect home, school, work, all aspects of life

41
Q

Occupations to address with mental health

A

ADL
IADL
Education
Social participation, play, leisure
Sleep
Work

42
Q

Can a child qualify for an IEP based on a mental health condition or ADHD?

A

Yes- of condition affects their ability to participate in school

43
Q

Caregiver strain and parent/family supports

A

Caregiver burden or strain
Issues related to guilt, worry, depression and anger
Financial stress

44
Q

Areas of evaluation

A

Self-efficacy/self-concept
- How a child views themselves and their ability to perform
Self-esteem
Self-determination (internal motivation)

45
Q

Methods of evaluation

A

Interview
Assessment tools- BRIEF, ITSEA, SP
Observation

46
Q

Strength based intervention

A

Settings- community, school system, inpatient
Executive functioning- SOCCSS (help children who have trouble problem solving), Superflex (social thinking), CO-OP, environmental modifications
Emotional regulation- Breaks, breathing, sensory techniques, just right challenge, zones of regulation, mindfulness
Behavioral- positive reinforcement, charts/mapping
Skills training- peer modeling, group intervention

OT 421: Occ Performance & Context Child/Adol (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions