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AP European History Littlejohn > Chapter 28 > Flashcards

Chapter 28 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is totalitarianism?

A

A radical dictatorship that exercises “total claims” over the beliefs and behavior of its citizens by taking control of the economic, social, intellectual, and cultural aspects of society.

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2
Q

What is fascism?

A

Extreme, often expansionist nationalism, anti-socialism, a dynamic and violent leader, and glorification of war and the military.

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3
Q

What is eugenics?

A

A pseudo-scientific doctrine that maintains that the selective breeding of human beings can be improved the general characteristics of a national population.

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4
Q

What is the five-year plan?

A

a plan launched by Stalin in 1928, and termed the “revolution from above,” aimed at modernizing the Soviet Union and creating a new communist society with new attitudes, loyalties, and a new socialist humanity.

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5
Q

What does NEP stand for?

A

New Economic Policy

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6
Q

What is the New Economic Policy?

A

policy to re-establish limits economic freedom in an attempt to rebuild agriculture and industry in the face of economic disintegration.

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7
Q

What is collectivization of agriculture?

A

the forcible consolidation of individual peasants farms into larger state controlled enterprises in the Soviet Union under Stalin.

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8
Q

Who were the kulaks?

A

the better-off peasants who were stripped of land and livestock under Stalin and were generally not permitted to join collective farm

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9
Q

What were the causes of totalitarianism?

A

Anti-democrats; and they wanted to stronger nation

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10
Q

Who ‘invented’ communism?

A

Marx

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11
Q

What was the basic idea of communism?

A

No class difference, free of capitalist inequality, equal pay

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12
Q

Which leader(s) embraced communism?

A

Stalin

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13
Q

Which leaders embraced fascism?

A

Hitler and Mussolini

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14
Q

Who seizes power in Italy in 1922?

A

Mussolini

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15
Q

What is the difference between communism and fascism?

A

fascist glorify war and the military and sought to destroy independent working-class movement

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16
Q

What were some of the results of the Russian civil war?

A

farms were ruined, food supplies were exhausted, famine. Economy is failing, peasants and worker revolting.

17
Q

Who were the Kronstadt?

A

pro-Bolshevik sailors

18
Q

Which two leader wanted to take over Russia after the death of Lenin?

A

Stalin and Trotsky

19
Q

What advantages did Stalin have against Trotsky?

A

He was a good organizer and he only lived in Russia. He is only worried about spreading communism in his country

20
Q

What were some advantages Trotsky have and Stalin don’t?

A

Trotsky is a very inspiring leader and a great speaker. Unlike Stalin, who was not a good writer or speaker. Trotsky also have international experience.

21
Q

Why did Stalin win over Trotsky?

A

His ideas were more relatable to Marxian teaching. HE wanted to focus in just the Soviet Union

22
Q

What happened to Ukraine?

A

Stalin took everything from Ukraine leaving the Ukrainians to starve to death. This led to a famine in Ukraine.

23
Q

In 1938, family plots produced __ percent of all Soviet agricultural produce on only __ percent of all cultivated land.

A

22, 4

24
Q

What is the Gosplan?

A

a huge State Planning Commision that controls and oversees the production of goods and deliveries of raw and finished materials.

25
Q

What benefits did Stalin provide for the Soviet workers?

A

social benefits, such as old-age pensions, free medical services, free education, and day-care centers for children.

26
Q

What happens to the unemployment rate in Russia?

A

almost none

27
Q

What happened to the women’s right after Stalin stepped in?

A

Eliminated abortion and divorce. took away their voting rights. But women also received education and work. Most worked in the medical field.

28
Q

Who did Stalin blame for the assassination of Sergei Kirov?

A

the fascist agents

29
Q

What was the Great Purge?

A

killing of Old Bolsheviks and other stuff I think

30
Q

How did the NEP benefit the people in Russia?

A

it allowed them to sell whatever extra they make. it help rebuild their economy?

31
Q

x^3+2x^2+4x-2

A 
x= 0
x= -1
x= 1/2
32
Q

9+10

A

21

AP European History Littlejohn (3 decks)

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