Chapter 27 - The Urinary System Flashcards
What is the function of the urinary bladder?
Serves as a reservoir for urine.
What is the function of the ureter?
Conducts urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
What is the function of the kidneys?
Extracts waste from the blood, balances body fluids, and forms urine.
What is the function of the urethra?
Conducts urine from the bladder to the outside of the body for elimination.
What is the correct sequence of stages involved in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) mechanism for raising blood pressure?
- Secretion of renin.
- Formation of angiotensin I.
- Formation of angiotensin II.
- Constriction of blood vessels.
- Increase in peripheral resistance.
- Secretion of aldosterone.
- Sodium and water retention.
- Increase in cardiac output.
A client has been diagnosed with renal cancer and asks the nurse about the function of the ureters. Which is the function of the ureter?
Conducts urine to the urinary bladder.
The nurse reviews with a client in an education session the functions of the kidneys. Which are the functions of kidneys?
They help in controlling blood pressure, balance the pH of the body fluids, and control the volume of body fluids.
The nurse lists the hormones produced by the kidney on the whiteboard. Which hormones are produced by the kidneys?
Erythropoietin.
The nurse reviews with the client the function of the hormone erythropoietin. What is the function of the hormone erythropoietin?
It helps in the formation of red blood cells.
What substance, when present in the urine, would indicate a disease or malfunction of the urinary system?
Protein.
Laboratory analysis of a client’s urine sample shows a pH of 3. What food in the client’s diet should the nurse consider to be a possible cause of this abnormal pH?
Meat.
The functions of the ureters and the urethra are different. Which is a function of the urethra?
Conducts urine from the bladder to the outside of the body for elimination.
An elderly client needs assistance with frequent urges to void. What are the nursing interventions that should be performed when caring for the client?
Monitor the fluid intake and output every shift; administer diuretics carefully; watch for bladder infection.
The nurse is reviewing the structures of the nephron. What is the function of the Loop of Henle?
Reabsorbs water and additional electrolytes.
The nurse is reviewing the similarities and differences between male and female urethra.
What is the length of the female urethra?
1.5 in.
The nurse is caring for a client who has been vomiting for 2 days and is receiving intravenous fluids at 75 mL/hr. Which finding would indicate that the nurse should request an increase in fluid rate?
Amber-colored urine.
