chapter 27 Flashcards
amines are derived from
ammonia
in amines, one or more of the hydrogen atoms in ammonia are replaced by
a carbon chain or ring
primary amines
amines in which the nitrogen is directly bonded to only one carbon atom/ chains
secondary amine
an amine in which the nitrogen is directly bonded to two carbon atoms or chains
tertiary amine
an amine in which the nitrogen atom is directly bonded to three carbon atoms or chains
difference between an amide and an amine
an amide has a C=O double bond in it while an amine does not
in an aliphatic amine, the nitrogen is attached to at least
one carbon chain
in an aromatic amine, the nitrogen is attached to at least
one aromatic ring
in the preparation of aliphatic amines, what acts as the nucleophile
the ammonia
describe how aliphatic primary amines are formed
Ammonia is reacted with a haloalkane
The alkyl group in the haloalkane is partially positive , and the halogen is partially negative.
So the nitrogen in ammonia forms a dative covalent bind with the ally group.
an amine salt forms
aqueous alkali is added to the salt to generate the amine
what are the conditions and reagents required for the formation of primary aliphatic amines
ethanol should be used as a solvent
the should be excess ammonia
in the preparation of aliphatic primary alkenes, why is ethanol used as a solvent instead of water?
also, why is excess ammonia used?
because the halogenoalkane is insoluble in water
it ensures that there is no leftover haloalkane to react with the primary amine formed
can ammonia do nucleophilic substitution reactions with chlorobenzene
no they cannot
how are aromatic amines made
by reduction of the nitro group on a benzene ring
what are the conditions and reagents required for the formation of aromatic amines
reflux with concentrated aqueous HCl
Tin
Add excess NaOH
