chapter 26.1 Flashcards
Mineral
is a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a crystalline form
streak
the color of a mineral in powdered form is called streak
cleavage
when a mineral breaks along preferred planes of weakness creating sets of smooth parallel sides
fracture
minerals that break with irregular surfaces exhibit
hardness
the physical property that measures a minerals resistance to scratching
magma
molten rock material inside earth is called magma
a mineral is
a naturally occurring, inorganic solid, with a crystalline
form.
what are the two most abundant elements that make up earths crust?
oxygen and silicon
what does inorganic mean?
materials that are nonliving
what does the arrangement of an atom and the bonds between them reflect about a mineral?
the way a mineral breaks
how hard it is
what type of crystal shape it has
what are all of the ways to identify minerals?
luster
streak
hardness
atomic arrangement
what are the two types of luster?
metallic
nonmetallic
how does metallic luster reflect light?
very easily like chrome on a car
how does nonmetallic luster reflect light?
like glass or earthy\waxy look
how do you perform a streak test?
rubbing a mineral on an unglazed porcelain tile
what are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals?
cleavage or fracture
what is the name of scale to measure the hardness of mineral?
mohs scale of hardness
what is the number range on mohs scale hardness?
1-10
how many different crystal shape systems are there?
6
minerals grow from the
inside-out
what are the 3 ways minerals can form?
hot water
molten rock
evaporation
what are the two mineral group?
silicates and nonsiicates
which mineral group the most abundant in earths crust?
silicates
what elements are silicates made up of?
silicon and oxygen
non silicates do not contain what element?
silicon
what mineral is used to make glass?
quarts and rocks
