Chapter 26 Further programming

Question 1

What do we mean by programming paradigm? Give some examples.

Answer 1

It is a style of programming. A way of approaching the programming goal. Examples:
Low-level programming paradigm
Imperative programming paradigm
Object oriented programming paradigm
Declarative programming paradigm

Question 2

A programming paradigm is linked to one program?

Answer 2

No it is not linked, a program can support several programming paradigms.

Question 3

Describe low level programming paradigm.

Answer 3

It will modify directly the memory addresses of a given processor. Each different type of processor has it’s own programming language. Processor families can use similar programming languages (for example Intel family).

Question 4

Describe Imperative programming paradigm.

Answer 4

Imperative means kötelező.
The programmer will write a sequence of steps that are then executed by the processor.
Examples: Pascal, C, Basic.

Question 5

What is the main difference between Imperative programming paradigm and Declarative programming paradigm?

Answer 5

The approach is different, the Imperative programming paradigm tells the computer how to get to the desired result, Declarative programing will describe what the desired result should be.

Question 6

Describe Object oriented programming paradigm

Answer 6

It is based on objects that are interacting with each other.
Python, Java were built from the beginnig as object oriented, Basic, Pascal, evolved to be object oriented.

Question 7

Describe Declarative programming paradigm

Answer 7

Are described as formal logic instructions. It is common with database handling programs (SQL, Prolog).

Question 8

What is a random file?

Answer 8

A file that stores records in specific addresses and can be accessed directly.

Question 9

What is the pseudocode for:

1. Create a file and open int for writing
2. Open file for reading
3. Open file for random access
4. Close file
5. Write a record to a file
6. Read a record from a file
7. Move to a specific disc address with the file
8. Test for end of file

Answer 9

1. OPENFILE FOR WRITE
2. OPENFILE FOR READ
3. OPENFILE FOR RANDOM
4. CLOSEFILE
5. PUTRECORD ,
6. GETRECORD ,
7. SEEEK , <address>
8. EOF () </address>

Question 10

What is the difference between Arrays and records

Answer 10

Arrays are built-in structures, the programmer chooses only the dimensions when declaring a variable of type array.
Records are user defined variable types. The programmer will first declare the record type (structure), then he will declare the variable with this record type.

Question 11

Present the 2 methodes to write data in a file. Name the files types based on the methode

Answer 11

1. Serialised files: data is written in one after the other in the file, que.
2. Random file: data is linked to the memory addresses of the file, acces is also through the addresses.

Question 12

Name 2 different Methode library. Which is the more widley used and why

Answer 12

Pickle, JSON.
JSON is more used because:
- the generated file is human readable
- is not platform dependante. Pickle can be used only with Python.

Question 13

What are records?

Answer 13

User-defined types

Question 14

Which are the ways in which you can save records?

Answer 14

Serial
Sequential
Random

Question 15

Why is exceptional handling used?

Answer 15

To avoid run-time errors

Question 16

How are Pascal and VB.NET executed?

Answer 16

First they are compiled by a compiler and then executed

Question 17

Whith what is Python executed?

Answer 17

An interpreter