Chapter 25: Recognizing Joint Disease - An Approach To Arthritis Flashcards by Sydney DeArmond

Arthritis types Diagnosed clinically?

Septic (pyogenic) arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis
Gout
Hemophilia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Arthritis types diagnosed radiologically?

Osteoarthritis
Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease
Ankylosis spondylitis
Septic TB
Charcot (neuropathic) joint - late

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are hallmarks of Hypertrophic arthritis?

Bone formation

Osteophytes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the types of hypertrophic arthritis?

Primary osteoarthritis
Secondary osteoarthritis
Charcot arthropathy
Calcium pyrophsphate deposition disease

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Causes of hypertrophic arthritis?

Mechanical stress in hands, hips, and knees most common

Degenerative joint disease secondary to prior trauma or avascular necrosis

Fragmentation, joint destruction, and sclerosis secondary to diabetes

Chondrocalcinosis = DJD in unusual sites

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hallmarks of Erosive arthritis?

Erosions

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Type of Erosive arthritis?

Rheumatoid

Gout

Psoriatic

Hemophilia

Ankylosis spondylitis

Seronegative spondyloarthropathies

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Causes of erosive arhritis?

Osteoporosis and soft tissue swelling
Juxtaarticular erosions with overhanging edges; no osteoporosis
Juxtaarticular erosions of distal interphalangeal joints of hands; enthesophytes
Remodeling from hemarthroses and hyperemia
HLA B27+; bilateral sacroiliac joints; syndesmophytes
Rheumatoid factor negative; SI joints
Syndesmophytes; reactive, psoriasis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hallmarks of Infectious arthritis?

Osteopenia and soft tissue swelling

Early and marked destruction of most or all of the articular cortex

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Types of infectious arthritis?

Pyogenic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Causes of infectious arthritis?

Early destruction of articular cortex; osteoporosis

Gradual and late destruction of articular cortex; marked osteoporosis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are some causes of secondary osteoarthritis?

Trauma
Infection
Avascular Necrosis
Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease
Rheumatoid Arthritis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are causes of Charcot Arthropathies in the Shoulders?

syrinx
spinal tumor
syphillis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are causes of Charcot Arthropathies in the hips?

Tertiary Syphillis

Diabetes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are causes of Charcot Arthropathies in the ankles and feet?

Diabetes (common)

Syphillis (uncommon)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are some causes of Erosive Arthritis?

Rheumatoid Arthritis
Gout
Psoriatic arthritis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Rheumatoid variants
Reactive arthritis
Sarcoid
Hemophilia

What is arthritis?

a disease of a joint that invariably leads to joint space narrowing and changes to the bones on both sides of the joint

What are the three types of Arthritis?

Hypertrophic
Infectious
Erosive

What are the features of Hypertrophic arthritis?

subchondral sclerosis
marginal osteophyte production
subchondral cyst formation

What is primary osteoarthritis?

type of hypertrophic arthritis

typically occurs on weight bearing surfaces of the hip and knee and DIPs

What is the most common type of arthritis?

Primary Osteoarthritis

What deposits in calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease?

calcium pyrophosphate crystals

What does calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) produce?

large, multiple subchondral cysts
Narrowing of patellofemoral joint space
metacarpal hooks
proximal migration of distal carpal row

What are the features of Charcot or Neuropathic Joints?

fragmentation
sclerosis
soft tissue swelling

What is the most frequent cause of Charcot/Neuropathic joints?

Diabetes

What is associated with Erosive/Inflammatory arthritis?

inflammation and synovial proliferation (pannus formation) which produces lytic lesions in or near the joint

What are the lytic lesions produced in Erosive arthritis called?

Erosions

What does rheumatoid arthritis effect?

carpals and proximal joints of the hand widens the predentate space in the cervical spine produces fusion of the posterior elements in the cervical spine

What does gout effect?

metatarsal-phalangeal joint of the great toe with juxtaarticular erosions and little or no osteoporosis

What are late manifestations of Gout?

Tophi

What does psoriatric arthritis effect?

distal joints primarily in hands

What does psoriatric arthritis produce?

characteristic erosions that resemble a pencil in a cup

What is Ankylosing spondylitis and its characteristics?

chronic and progressive arthritis characterized by symmetric fusion of the sacroiliac joints and ascending involvement of the spine

What does Ankylosing spondylitis look like?

bamboo-spine

What are the features of infectious arthritis?

Soft tissue swelling Osteopenia Relatively early and marked destruction of most or all of the articular cortex = pyogenic

What are the common organisms that cause infectious arthritis?

Staphylococcus and Gonococcus