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Biochemistry Exam 4 > Chapter 25 (Protein Catabolism) > Flashcards

Chapter 25 (Protein Catabolism) Flashcards

1
Q

Which 4 AAs breakdown into Pyruvate

A

Gly
Ser
Ala
Cys

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2
Q

Which 2 AAs breakdown into OAA

A

Asp

Asn

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3
Q

Which 4 AAs breakdown into Alpha-KG

A

Gln
Glu
Arg
Pro

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4
Q

Which AA breakdown into Succinyl-CoA

A

His

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5
Q

What are the purely ketogenic AAs

A

Lys

Leu

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6
Q

Ketogenic AAs are catabolized into

A

Acetyl-CoA

Acetoacetate

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7
Q

What 5 AAs are both ketogenic and glucogenic

A 
Trp
Phe
Thr
Ile 
Tyr
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8
Q

What 5 AAs are catabolized into pyruvate

A 
Trp
Ala
Thr
Ser
Cys
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9
Q

Glutamate Dehydrogenase

A 
Important enzyme that is always used to turn Glutamate back into Alpha-KG 
Found in the matrix of the liver
Requires: NAD(P)+
Produces: NAD(P)H + H
Irreversible
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10
Q

The Glycine Cleavage System is reversed when there are (high/low) [NH4]

A

High

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11
Q

Know the mechanism for Serine Dehydratase

A

Do it

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12
Q

Which 2 AAs are catabolized into OAA

A

Asn

Asp

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13
Q

Which 4 AAs are catabolized into Alpha-KG

A

Gln
Glu
Pro
Arg

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14
Q

Which 3 AAs are catabolized into Succinyl-CoA

A

Met
Val
Ile

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15
Q

(T/F) Branch-chained AAs are catabolized in the liver

A

False
Lacks Branched AA aminotransferase enzyme
Enzyme is found in the heart and skeletal tissue

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16
Q

Branched Chain Ketoacid Dehydrogenase is homologous to these 2 TCA Cycle enzymes

A

Pyruvate DH
Alpha-KG DH
(All require E1,E2,E3)

17
Q

The intake of dietary branched chain AAs activates a ___ which ___ the enzyme, activating it

A

phosphatase

dephosphorylates

18
Q

Maple syrup urine disease is caused by deficiency of:

A

branched-chain alpha-ketoacid DH

19
Q

PKU is caused by a deficiency of:

A

Phenylalanine Hydroxylase
Turns phenylalanine into tyrosine
Gives urine a musty odor (can lead to mental retardation)

20
Q

Alkaptonuria is caused by a deficiency of:

A

Homogentisate Dioxygenase
Breaks down phenylalanine into acetoacetate and fumarate
Urine turns black, gout, arthritis

21
Q

Which nonessential AA is synthesized in the urea cycle

A

Arginine

22
Q

Tyrosine is considered to be a nonessential AA as long as we have enough ___

A

Phenylalanine

23
Q

Asparagine Synthetase uses (AA) as a nitrogen source, this requires the enzyme ___

A

Glutamine (Gln)

GAT (glutamine aminotransferase)

24
Q

Glutamine Synthetase uses ___ as a nitrogen source

A

Ammonia

25
Q

Be able to do the Serine Biosynthesis Pathway

A

It’s his favorite

Biochemistry Exam 4 (7 decks)

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