Chapter 25 (Protein Catabolism) Flashcards
Which 4 AAs breakdown into Pyruvate
Gly
Ser
Ala
Cys
Which 2 AAs breakdown into OAA
Asp
Asn
Which 4 AAs breakdown into Alpha-KG
Gln
Glu
Arg
Pro
Which AA breakdown into Succinyl-CoA
His
What are the purely ketogenic AAs
Lys
Leu
Ketogenic AAs are catabolized into
Acetyl-CoA
Acetoacetate
What 5 AAs are both ketogenic and glucogenic
Trp Phe Thr Ile Tyr
What 5 AAs are catabolized into pyruvate
Trp Ala Thr Ser Cys
Glutamate Dehydrogenase
Important enzyme that is always used to turn Glutamate back into Alpha-KG Found in the matrix of the liver Requires: NAD(P)+ Produces: NAD(P)H + H Irreversible
The Glycine Cleavage System is reversed when there are (high/low) [NH4]
High
Know the mechanism for Serine Dehydratase
Do it
Which 2 AAs are catabolized into OAA
Asn
Asp
Which 4 AAs are catabolized into Alpha-KG
Gln
Glu
Pro
Arg
Which 3 AAs are catabolized into Succinyl-CoA
Met
Val
Ile
(T/F) Branch-chained AAs are catabolized in the liver
False
Lacks Branched AA aminotransferase enzyme
Enzyme is found in the heart and skeletal tissue
Branched Chain Ketoacid Dehydrogenase is homologous to these 2 TCA Cycle enzymes
Pyruvate DH
Alpha-KG DH
(All require E1,E2,E3)
The intake of dietary branched chain AAs activates a ___ which ___ the enzyme, activating it
phosphatase
dephosphorylates
Maple syrup urine disease is caused by deficiency of:
branched-chain alpha-ketoacid DH
PKU is caused by a deficiency of:
Phenylalanine Hydroxylase
Turns phenylalanine into tyrosine
Gives urine a musty odor (can lead to mental retardation)
Alkaptonuria is caused by a deficiency of:
Homogentisate Dioxygenase
Breaks down phenylalanine into acetoacetate and fumarate
Urine turns black, gout, arthritis
Which nonessential AA is synthesized in the urea cycle
Arginine
Tyrosine is considered to be a nonessential AA as long as we have enough ___
Phenylalanine
Asparagine Synthetase uses (AA) as a nitrogen source, this requires the enzyme ___
Glutamine (Gln)
GAT (glutamine aminotransferase)
Glutamine Synthetase uses ___ as a nitrogen source
Ammonia
Be able to do the Serine Biosynthesis Pathway
It’s his favorite
