Chapter 25: Head and Neck- Nasal Cavity and Sinuses Flashcards
General term for inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity and sinuses- can be caused by a variety of agents
Rhinitis
True or False: The most common cause of acute rhinitis is due to viral infection
True
This type of rhinitis is caused by allergens binding to IgE on mast cells in the nasal mucosa
Allergic rhinitis (commonly called Hay Fever)
Repeated bouts of allergic rhinitis leading to persistent hyperemia, mucosal gland hyperplasia, and lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration
Chronic Rhinitis
Nonneoplastic mucosal lesions of the nose and sinuses
Nasal Polyps
Can chronic rhinitis lead to nasal polyp formation?
It sure can
Mucosal membrane inflammation of the paranasal sinuses
Sinusitis
Mucocele, Osteomyeliti, septic thrombophlebitis, and intracranial infections are complications of what condition?
Acute or chronic sinusitis
An accumulation of mucous secretions in a nasal sinus
Mucocele. If infected, this can progress to a pyrocele (mucopurulent exudate filling a sinus) and an empyema (purulent exudation in a sinus)
Chronic inflammation beginning in the nasal cavity caused by a gram-negative diplobacillus
Rhinoscleroma–> the bacteria is Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis
Most common fungal infection of the nasal mucosa, usually accompanying thrush
Candidiasis
Septal perforation, mucosal ulceration, and eventual saddle nose deformity (in addition to general constitutional symptoms and nasal involvement) is the result of what vasculitis?
Wegener’s Granulomatosis
Generally speaking, what is the most common type of tumor of the nasal cavity
Papillomas
Inversion of the surface epithelium into the underlying stroma of the nasal wall is characteristic of what benign neoplasm
Inverted papilloma
Benign neoplasm thought to be associated with HPV types 6 and 11
Inverted papilloma
Young boy or girl with acute tonsillitis is usually infected by this bacteria
Strptococcus pyogenes
Epithelial cancer of the nasopharynx that can be subclassified into keratinizing and nonkeratinizing types
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Nonkeratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma is associated with this virus
EBV
Highly vascular neoplasm of the nasopharynx common in adolescent males
Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
