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Advanced Nursing > Chapter 25 > Flashcards

Chapter 25 Flashcards

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1
Q

Abdominocentesis

A

sampling of free fluid within the peritoneal space

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2
Q

Acidosis

A

elevated levels of metabolic acids within the blood or tissue

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3
Q

Arrhythmia

A

abnormal heartbeat rhythm detected during palpationof the chest or pulse during auscultation or recorded on an electrocardiogram

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4
Q

Asystole

A

type of arrhythmia characterized by a “flat line” or the absence of heartbeats

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5
Q

Atrial fibrillation

A

very rapid, uncoordinated contractions of the atria of the heart, resulting in lack of synchronism between heartbeat and pulse beat

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6
Q

Atrial premature complexes

A

premature contractions of atria initiated by one of the atria from location other than the normal sinus heartbeat, which originates in the sinoatrial node

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7
Q

Azotemia

A

condition in which blood has increased concentrations of nitrogenous wastes such as urea nitrogen (BUN).

Caused by dehydration, as renal azotemia caused by impaired kidney function

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8
Q

Borborygmi

A

Rumbling noises caused by propulsion of gas and ingesta through the intestines

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9
Q

Capillary refill time

A

time required for blood to refill the small capillary beds of the mucous membranes after digital blanching

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10
Q

Cardiopulmonary cerebrovascular resuscitation

A

Emergency procedure performed in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are take to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing

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11
Q

Chest tube

A

flexible tube inserted through the intercostal muscles in to the pleural space

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12
Q

Choke

A

Obstruction of the esophagus by a foreign boy

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13
Q

Colic

A

Sever abdominal pain of sudden onset caused by a variety of conditions, including obstruction, twisting, and spasm of the intestine

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14
Q

Defibrillation

A

Process of converting a fibrillation arrhythmia to a normal heartbeat

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15
Q

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

A

Pattern of generalized concurrent intravascular thrombosis and bleeding.

complication of shock

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16
Q

Down animals

A

animals that cannot stand

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17
Q

Dystocia

A

difficult birth

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18
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

tracing made by an electrocardiograph that reflects electrical activity in the heart

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19
Q

Emesis

A

Vomiting

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20
Q

Endometrial

A

belonging to the mucous membrane lining the uterus

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21
Q

Eructation

A

to eject gas from the stomach; to burp

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22
Q

Fetatome

A

device used to cut a fetus into smaller parts that can be more easily extracted vaginally when a fetotomy is performed

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23
Q

Fetotomy

A

procedure in which a dead fetus is cut into smaller pieces so that it can be extracted vaginally

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24
Q

Flail chest

A

Freely movable segment of the chest wall caused by segmental fracture of two or more ribs

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25
Q

Hypovolemia

A

decreased circulating blood volume

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26
Q

Hypoxemia

A

low blood oxygen levels

27
Q

Hypoxia

A

low tissue oxygen

28
Q

Ileus

A

functional loss of intestinal motility

29
Q

Ischemia

A

deficient supply of blood to a body part, such as the heart or brain, caused by obstruction of the inflow of arterial blood

30
Q

Jugular vein

A

consists of paired veins running in the neck that drain the brain, face and neck

31
Q

Mastitis

A

inflammation of the mammary gland. Typically occurs during lactation. If endotoxins are absorbed from septic secretions with the udder, endotoxemia can result, and the condition is termed toxic mastitis

32
Q

Metritis

A

inflammation of the uterus

33
Q

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

A

a complication of shock in which generalized microvascular clotting causes sufficient organ damage to result in failure of multiple organs

34
Q

Pericardiocentesis

A

surgical puncture of the pericardium especially to aspirate pericardial fluid

35
Q

Perineal

A

the area between the anus and the dorsal part of the external genitalia, especially in the female

36
Q

Pneumothorax

A

abnormal accumulation of air in the space between the rib cage and the lung. This abnormal air pocket compresses the lung, resulting in respiratory distress. The lung may collapse, this condition may be caused by injury to lung tissue, rupture of air-filled pulmonary cysts, or puncture of the chest wall

37
Q

Pulse oximeter

A

instrument used to noninvasively measure the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin. This value serves as an indirect assessment of the animals oxygenation status

38
Q

Regional nerve block

A

procedure whereby a relatively small amount of local anesthetic is injected near a nerve, causing desensitization to a larger area on the body.
Proximal and distal paravertebral nerve blocks are examples of regional nerve blocks used to anesthetize the flank area

39
Q

Reperfusion injury

A

tissue injury resulting from the reestablishment of blood flow after a period of oxygen deprivation

40
Q

Rumen tympany

A

rumen distention with air, commonly referred to as a bloat

41
Q

Rumenostomy

A

surgical procedure whereby a permanent hole is created from the skin into the rumen

42
Q

Sepsis

A

a state of systemic inflammation characterized by deteriorating vital signs and the presence of infection

43
Q

Stridor

A

a harsh, high-pitched respiratory sound usually caused by obstruction of airflow at the pharynx or larynx

44
Q

Syncope

A

fainting

45
Q

Systemic Inflammatory response syndrome

A

widespread inflammation caused by an underlying disease process. Often causes generalized tissue damage and can be ca complication of shock

46
Q

Tachycardia

A

rapid heart rate, the opposite of bradycardia

47
Q

Tachypnea

A

fast, shallow breathing

48
Q

Thoracocentesis

A

a procedure in which air or fluid is removed from the chest using a syringe and needle aseptically

49
Q

Thromboembolism

A

formation of a blood clot that lodges in or obstructs a blood vessel

50
Q

Toxin

A

a poisonous substance

51
Q

Tracheostomy

A

surgical creation of a hole from the skin to the trachea

52
Q

Tracheotomy

A

surgical act of making an incision on the ventral aspect of the neck and opening a direct airway though an incision in the trachea

53
Q

Transfaunation

A

transfer of beneficial microorganisms from the rumen of one individual to that of another

54
Q

Triage

A

the act of sorting patients quickly into groups on the basis of a rapid initial assessment of disease or injury severity

55
Q

Tube cystostomy

A

surgical procedure in which a Foley catheter is placed through the abdominal wall and into the bladder. The catheter allows urine to passively drain from the bladder while urolithiasis is managed

56
Q

tympany

A

hollow sound produced when a body cavity containing air is sharply tapped

57
Q

Urethral process

A

small appendage extending from the tip of the penis in sheep and goats, represents the distal end of the urethra in these species. This is the primary location for urinary calculi to lodge in these animals

58
Q

Urethrostomy

A

surgical formation of a new opening into the urethra to allow urine diversion

59
Q

Urolithiasis

A

condition that is characterized by the formation or presence of calculi in the urinary tract

60
Q

Uterine prolapse

A

condition that occurs when the uterus folds inside-out through an open cervix and protrudes through the vulvar lips

61
Q

Uterine torsion

A

condition in which the uterus twists, preventing delivery of the fetus. Uterine torsion occurs in cattle and in camelids and can be a cause of dystocia

62
Q

Ventricular premature complexes

A

premature contraction of the ventricles initiated by one of the ventricles from a location other than the normal cardiac conduction system

63
Q

Ventricular tachycardia

A

an abnormally high heart rate initiated and sustained by one of the ventricles outside the normal cardiac conduction system

Advanced Nursing (6 decks)

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