Chapter 24 Vocab

Question 1

Imaginary line that runs between the North and South Poles through the center of Earth biosphere: all of the living things on Earth

Answer 1

Axis

Question 2

force of attraction that exists between all objects in the universe

Answer 2

Gravity

Question 3

half of a sphere, such as half of planet Earth

Answer 3

Hemisphere

Question 4

all of the water on Earth

Answer 4

Hydrosphere

Question 5

region around a magnet over which it exerts magnetic force

Answer 5

Magnetic field

Question 6

orbital movement of one object around another, such as the moon around Earth or Earth around the sun

Answer 6

Revolution

Question 7

spinning of an object such as Earth on its axis

Answer 7

Rotation

Question 8

bowl-shaped depression on the surface of the moon that is caused by the impact of a meteorite

Answer 8

Crater

Question 9

surface features of an area

Answer 9

Landscape

Question 10

of or relating to the moon

Answer 10

Lunar

Question 11

dark-colored flat areas on the moon’s surface that are made up of ancient lava

Answer 11

Maria

Question 12

fragment of a planetary body that strikes Earth’s surface

Answer 12

Meteorite

Question 13

light-colored highlands on the moon’s surface

Answer 13

Terrae

Question 14

thin layer of the sun’s atmosphere that lies directly above the photosphere and glows red

Answer 14

Chromosphere

Question 15

layer of the sun that surrounds the radiative zone and through which energy moves by convection

Answer 15

Convection zone

Question 16

dense metallic center of a planet such as Earth, or the innermost layer of the sun where nuclear fusion reactions take place

Answer 16

Core

Question 17

outermost layer of the sun’s atmosphere that consists of plasma and extends millions of kilometers into space

Answer 17

Corona

Question 18

visible surface of the sun

Answer 18

Photosphere

Question 19

high-energy, high-temperature state of matter that consists of charged ions instead of atoms

Answer 19

Plasma

Question 20

layer of the sun surrounding the core where energy moves slowly by electromagnetic waves away from the core

Answer 20

Radiative

Question 21

violent explosion on the sun’s surface

Answer 21

Solar flare

Question 22

stream of radiation emitted by a solar flare that extends millions of kilometers out into space

Answer 22

Solar wind

Question 23

relatively cool, dark area on the sun’s surface

Answer 23

Sunspot

Question 24

phase of the moon in which the near side of the moon appears to be less than half lit; occurs between the new moon and the first or third quarter

Answer 24

Crescent moon

Question 25

phase of the moon in which the near side of the moon appears to be more than half lit; occurs between the full moon and the first or third quarter

Answer 25

Gibbous moon

Question 26

event in which Earth casts a shadow on the moon so the moon cannot be seen from anywhere on Earth

Answer 26

Lunar eclipse

Question 27

outer part of a shadow where light is only partly blocked

Answer 27

Penumbra

Question 28

event in which the moon casts a shadow on Earth so the sun cannot be seen from the area on Earth’s surface where the shadow falls

Answer 28

Solar eclipse

Question 29

inner part of a shadow where light is completely blocked

Answer 29

Umbra

Question 30

All of the living things on earth

Answer 30

Biosphere