Chapter 8 Vocab

Question 1

Crack in the crust at a divergent plate boundary where magma may erupt

Answer 1

Fissure

Question 2

Place where a plume of hot molten rock rises through the mantle and may cause volcanoes

Answer 2

Hot spot

Question 3

Column of hot molten rock that rises through the mantle

Answer 3

Mantle plume

Question 4

Volcano that is currently erupting of showing signs that it will erupt soon

Answer 4

Active volcano

Question 5

Volcano that is not currently erupting but has erupted in recorded history and may erupt again

Answer 5

Dormant volcano

Question 6

Release of lave, tephra, and gases from a volcano

Answer 6

Eruption

Question 7

Violent eruption of rock, lava, ash, and large amounts of gas from a volcano

Answer 7

Explosive eruption

Question 8

Volcano that has has not erupted in recorded history and is unlikely to erupt again

Answer 8

Extinct volcano

Question 9

Region in the crust below a volcano where magma and gasses collect

Answer 9

Magma chamber

Question 10

Hot volcano rock fragments thrown into the air by an explosive volcanic eruption

Answer 10

Pyroclast

Question 11

Large, circular hole formed when the top of a volcano collapses after an eruption empties the magma chamber

Answer 11

Caldera

Question 12

Small volcano composed of rock fragments piled on top of one another

Answer 12

Cinder cone

Question 13

Tall, cone-shaped volcano with steeply sloping sides that is composed of alternating layers of ash and lava

Answer 13

Composite volcano

Question 14

Broad-based, shield-shaped volcano with gently sloping sides that is composed of almost entirely of lava

Answer 14

Shield volcano

Question 15

Layers of sediments or of lava and ash deposited by a volcano

Answer 15

Strata

Question 16

Massive volcano that can produce rare but enormous eruptions

Answer 16

Super volcano

Question 17

Fountain of hot groundwater and steam that erupts under pressure onto the surface

Answer 17

Geyser

Question 18

Place where hot water bubbles or flows continuously out of the ground

Answer 18

Hot spring

Question 19

Igneous rock mass that forms when magma cools under the ground

Answer 19

Intrusion

Question 20

Dome-shaped landform of igneous rock that forms when thick lava cools near the vent of a volcano

Answer 20

Lava dome

Question 21

Large, flat landform of igneous rock that forms when large amounts of thin lava flow quickly over the ground

Answer 21

Lava plateau