Chapter 24 Terms Flashcards
What is the National Socialist (Nazi) Party?
A far-right political party in Germany led by Adolf Hitler, known for its totalitarian regime and ideology based on nationalism and racial superiority.
The party was in power from 1933 to 1945 and is infamous for its role in the Holocaust.
Who was Winston Churchill?
The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during World War II, known for his leadership and speeches that inspired British resistance against Nazi Germany.
He served as Prime Minister from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.
What does blitzkrieg refer to?
A military tactic employed by the German forces during World War II that involves rapid and surprise attacks to achieve quick victories.
The term translates to ‘lightning war’.
What was Vichy?
The government of unoccupied France during World War II, which collaborated with Nazi Germany.
It was named after the town of Vichy, where the government was based.
What was the Battle of Britain?
A significant air campaign waged by the German Luftwaffe against the United Kingdom in 1940, aimed at gaining air superiority.
This battle marked the first major military campaign fought entirely by air forces.
What does the term Holocaust refer to?
The systematic genocide of six million Jews and millions of others by the Nazi regime during World War II.
It is one of the most horrific events in human history.
What was the Battle of the Bulge?
The last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during World War II, launched through the Ardennes region in Belgium in December 1944.
The battle aimed to split the Allied forces and capture the port of Antwerp.
What event does Pearl Harbor refer to?
The surprise military attack by the Japanese Imperial Navy on the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii on December 7, 1941.
This attack led to the United States’ entry into World War II.
What were the Battle of the Coral Sea and Midway Island?
Key naval battles in the Pacific Theater during World War II that marked a turning point against Japanese expansion.
The Battle of Coral Sea occurred in May 1942, and the Battle of Midway took place in June 1942.
What is the United Nations (UN)?
An intergovernmental organization founded in 1945 to promote international cooperation and maintain international peace and security.
It replaced the League of Nations.
What was the Tehran Conference?
A meeting held in 1943 between the leaders of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union to discuss the strategy for World War II.
The conference laid the groundwork for the invasion of Normandy.
What was the Yalta Conference?
A meeting in February 1945 between the leaders of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union to discuss post-war reorganization.
The conference addressed the re-establishment of nations in Europe.
What was the Potsdam Conference?
The last meeting of the leaders of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union in July-August 1945 to negotiate terms for the end of World War II.
The conference resulted in the Potsdam Declaration which called for Japan’s unconditional surrender.
What does total war mean?
A conflict in which a country mobilizes all of its resources, including civilians, for the war effort, often disregarding the laws of war.
Total war blurs the lines between combatants and non-combatants.
What is the Atlantic Charter of 1941?
A joint declaration by the United States and the United Kingdom outlining the goals of the Allies for the post-war world, including self-determination and economic cooperation.
It set the stage for the establishment of the United Nations.
What was the Quit India movement?
A mass protest demanding an end to British rule in India launched by the Indian National Congress in 1942.
The movement was marked by widespread civil disobedience.
What was the Muslim League?
A political party in India that advocated for the interests of Muslims and eventually led to the creation of Pakistan in 1947.
The league was founded in 1906.
Who was Muhammad Ali Jinnah?
The leader of the All-India Muslim League and the first Governor-General of Pakistan.
He is regarded as the founder of Pakistan.
What does the Convention Peoples Party (CPP) refer to?
A political party in Ghana founded by Kwame Nkrumah in 1949, advocating for independence from British colonial rule.
The CPP played a significant role in Ghana’s independence movement.
Who were Jomo Kenyatta and the Kenya African Union?
Jomo Kenyatta was a key leader in Kenya’s independence movement and the first President of Kenya, while the Kenya African Union was a political organization advocating for the rights of Africans in Kenya.
Kenyatta later became a symbol of the struggle for independence.
What is the Land and Freedom Army?
A militant group that fought for land reforms and independence in Kenya during the Mau Mau Uprising against British colonial rule in the 1950s.
The group primarily consisted of the Kikuyu people.
What is the National Liberation Front (FLN)?
A political party and nationalist movement in Algeria that led the struggle for independence from French colonial rule beginning in 1954.
The FLN became the ruling party after Algeria gained independence in 1962.
What does the Secret Army Organization (OAS) refer to?
A far-right paramilitary organization in France formed in 1961 that opposed Algerian independence and sought to maintain French Algeria.
The OAS was involved in terrorist activities and assassinations.
What does Apartheid mean?
A system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination enforced by the government of South Africa from 1948 to the early 1990s.
Apartheid laws restricted the rights of the non-white population.
