Chapter 24 - Modern Times and Worldview Wars

Question 1

Describe the Modernist Worldview Held Before the Great War.

Answer 1

1) Confidence in Knowledge of the World, How to Solve Its Problems, and How to Find Happiness.
2) Absolute Truth Existed and Science Could Find It
3) Progress Was Inevitable. Eventually Men Would Solve all the Worlds Problems
4) It was absolutely compatible with and encouraged Christian Morality

Question 2

What did the 1920s mark as a first in regards to Christian values?

Answer 2

The first time anti-Christian values were openly regarded as trendy and immorality glorified.

Question 3

Who explained that human behavior was driven by irrational and hidden emotions and typified Postmodern thinking?

Answer 3

Sigmund Freud.

Question 4

Who’s music typified Postmodern thought?

Answer 4

Richard Wagner and Jazz.

Question 5

List the artistic surrealists that exemplified Postmodern thought in art?

Answer 5

1) Salvador Dali
2) Andre Breton
3) Marcel Duchamp

Question 6

List the Abstract artists that exemplified Postmodern though.

Answer 6

1) Wasily Kandinsky
2) Piet Mondrian
3) Paul Klee

Question 7

Who wrote literature that exemplified Postmodern thought?

Answer 7

1) T.S. Eliot
2) James Joyce
3) Virginia Woolf
4) Gertrude Stein

Question 8

What scientific theories and discovered exemplified postmodern thought?

Answer 8

1) Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle
2) Einstein’s Theory of Relativity
3) Planck’s Particle-Wave Duality

Question 9

Where did the postmodern worldview reside during the 1920s?

Answer 9

Mostly in academia, it wouldn’t trickle down to the public until around the 1980s

Question 10

What poem demonstrates the effect the Great War had on thought and who wrote it?

Answer 10

William Butler Yeats “The Second Coming”

Question 11

List the examples of new moral values in America during the 1920s.

Answer 11

1) The New Woman
2) Recreation Dating
3) Margret Sanger
4) Prohibition and the Celebration of Lawlessness
5) Scopes Trial and Assault on Biblical Christianity

Question 12

Describe the New Woman.

Answer 12

1) Flapper Girls - Short Skirts, Licentious Behavior, Strong and Independent, Bob Haircuts
2) Glorification of Flapper Girls By Hollywood

Question 13

Describe Recreational Dating.

Answer 13

Went from parental control to male control.

Question 14

What reform did Margret Sanger push for?

Answer 14

Birth control and Abortions.

Question 15

What changed in the Response to Sanger?

Answer 15

She faced 45 years in prison pre-1920s and was able to say the same things without a problem after 1920.

Question 16

What happened to Prohibition during the 1920s?

Answer 16

It became a badge of honor to violate it by upper and middle class members of society. Gangsters were incredibly possible. (Capone in Chicago)

Question 17

What was the Scopes Trial?

Answer 17

Scopes taught Evolution against Tennessee Law. The trial became a way to delegitimize Christian beliefs even though Scopes was found guilty.

Question 18

How did Journalists treat Christianity during the 1920s?

Answer 18

With open condemnation.

Question 19

What were the ways Traditionalists attempted to maintain the old order and prevent the rise of the Postmodern worldview?

Answer 19

1) Nativism
2) Immigration Restrictions
3) The Second KKK
4) The Fundamentalist Movement

Question 20

How did Nativism manifest itself in the United States?

Answer 20

1) Violent Ethnic Riots - Worst was in Chicago
2) The 1919 Red Scare in Response to Communism
3) The Sacco and Vanzetti Trial -Italian Anarchists Charged With Murder and Theft in Boston

Question 21

What aggravating factors contributed to nativism in cities?

Answer 21

1) Economic Downturn
2) The Great Migration
3) No Housing to Accommodate More People

Question 22

What were the immigration restrictions imposed by Congress during this era?

Answer 22

1) 2% from each country
2) No Asian Immigrants
3) Free English Speaking Immigration But Little Southern or Eastern European Immigration.

Question 23

Which KKK took root during the 1920s and was it anti- Black?

Answer 23

The Second KKK and it was not anti-black

Question 24

How many members did the second KKK have?

Answer 24

Over 3 million.

Question 25

What did the Second KKK advocate for?

Answer 25

The old way of morality and anti-immigration efforts.

Question 26

Why did the Second KKK come to a halt?

Answer 26

The Leaders were arrested for scandalous and immoral behavior.

Question 27

What were the five core beliefs of the Fundamentalists?

Answer 27

1) the Bible is Divinely inspired and Error-Free
2) Christ’s Virgin Birth and Deity
3) Christ’s Substitutionary Atonement as payment for sin.
4) Christ’s bodily resurrection
5) Christ’s personal return to earth to judge all mankind, which means a literal heaven and hell.

Question 28

List the Specific Practices of the Fundamentalists.

Answer 28

1) A Growing Distrust of Academia. Ironic Considering the Existence of Theologians such as Warfield, Orr, and Erdman.
2) Cultural Separatism - Didn’t participate heavily in politics, created their own colleges, and didn’t engage in non Fundamentalist academia or media.
3) Still Evangelists - Sought to Save Others
Big Picture: Withdraw from the intellectual and psychological aspects of culture.

Question 29

What happened to Progressivism during the 1920s?

Answer 29

It was lost on the national level but maintained to some extent on the state level in States such as Nebraska and Wisconsin.

Question 30

Describe Harding’s administration.

Answer 30

1) A Return to Normalcy
2) Republican Old Guard - Conservative
3) Revoked Progressive Era Reforms - High Tariffs, Ineffective Federal Agencies, Reversed SCOTUS Decisions
4) Scandals - Teapot Dome, Attorney General, Secretary of the Interior, Drinking and Adulterous Relationships

Question 31

Why did Harding Leave Office?

Answer 31

Sickness and a Heart Condition that Worsened?

Question 32

Who Followed Harding?

Answer 32

Calvin Coolidge.

Question 33

Describe Coolidge’s Administration.

Answer 33

1) A Return to Economic Laizze Fare - Produced Massive economic Growth
2) Affordable Consumer Goods
3) Massive Growth in Production
4) Better Benefits for Workers

Question 34

Who followed Calvin Coolidge?

Answer 34

Herbert Hoover.

Question 35

Describe Hoover’s Administration.

Answer 35

1) Gifted Statesman With A Good Reputation After Serving in the Two Pervious Administrations
2) Pro-Business Moderate
3) Created Salutary Associations to achieve goals as opposed to government programs. (Government-Business cooperations)
4) Tax Reductions is Low Income Brackets to Increase Purchasing Power

Question 36

What movement was created as a consequence of the Great Migration in Black America?

Answer 36

The Harlem Renaissance.

Question 37

Name two major segregated cities in the North that Blacks flocked to?

Answer 37

Harlem in New York City and the South Side in Chicago.

Question 38

List the Writers in the Harlem Renaissance.

Answer 38

1) Claude McKay
2) Langston Hughes
3) Zora Hurstson
4) Countee Cullen
5) Jean Toomer

Question 39

Name the main painter of the Harlem Renaissance.

Answer 39

1) Aaron Douglas.

Question 40

Who became the Harlem Renaissance’s main visionary and philosopher?

Answer 40

1) Alain Locke

Question 41

Who created great Jazz music during the Harlem Renaissance?

Answer 41

1) Duke Ellington
2) Louis Armstrong
3) Cab Calloway

Question 42

What belief took root among some African Americans during the 1920s?

Answer 42

That full racial integration was impossible and therefore should keep themselves separate.

Question 43

Who advocated this black separatism?

Answer 43

Marcus Garvey and the United Negro Improvement Association.

Question 44

Who was an enemy to Garvey?

Answer 44

W.E.B. DuBois

Question 45

What were the five tenants of the Liberal Christian Creed during the 1920s?

Answer 45

1) Sin Separates No One From the Love of God
2) All Men Are Good
3) Christ is a perfect teacher and example but not the son of God.
4) Christianity is the same religion and evangelism to other faiths shouldn’t occur
5) the Bible is a human testament of religion and like any other book.