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History > Chapter 24- Gilded Age > Flashcards

Chapter 24- Gilded Age Flashcards

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1
Q

The 1870s-1920’s Gilded Age was also known as the what?

A

Progressive

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2
Q

What are 7 characteristics of the Gilded Age?

A

1) Greed, scandal, and corruption in government
2) Unprecedented economic growth
3) Modern industrialized country
4) Moved from country to cities
5) US becomes world power
6) Mass immigration
7) Unequal distribution of wealth

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3
Q

Who said “glittering on the surface but corrupt underneath?”

A

Mark Twain

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4
Q

How many of the US were wealthy?

A

Less than 1%( 4,000 families)

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5
Q

Why did inmigrantes come to America?

A

1) Escape persecution

2) Escape poverty

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6
Q

What did immigrants come by?

A

Steamboats

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7
Q

Who was the American poet that wrote “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to be free…”

A

Emma Lazarus

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8
Q

In New York, where is the immigration center located?

A

Ellis Island

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9
Q

In San Francisco, where is the immigration center located?

A

Angel Island

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10
Q

What are the 3 steps of immigration processing?

A

1) Physical exam
2) Records of names/questioning
3) Documents and legal requirements checked

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11
Q

Why did most immigrants settle in the cities?

A

Jobs

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12
Q

What are Ethnic Islands?

A

Communities of the same ethnic group

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13
Q

What is the melting pot theory?

A

To give up one’s culture and blend in to the society

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14
Q

Who and where did the Old immigrants come from?

A

Great Britain and North Europe(Germany)

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15
Q

Who and where did the New immigrants come from?

A

South Europe , Ireland, Asia, Jewish

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16
Q

Why were the New immigrants not welcomed at first?

A

1) Didn’t fit in
2) Job competition
3) Religious differences
4) Ethnic differences
5) Racial differences

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17
Q

What was another name for the American Party?

A

Know nothings

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18
Q

What contribution did Immigrants do?

A

1) Provide workers for industrialization in America
2) Enriched America with unique customs, culture, and language
3) Creative Entrepreneurial talents

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19
Q

What are 7 city problems?

A

1) Housing
2) Transportation
3) Water
4) Sanitation
5) Crime
6) Fire
7) Factory Working conditions

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20
Q

What is a political machine?

A

Organized group that controlled the activities of a political party in the city by providing services to people and businesses in exchange for votes

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21
Q

What is a graft?

A

Illegal use of political influence for personal gain/money

22
Q

Who was a famous political machine leader?

A

Big boss Tweed

23
Q

What are 6 presidents during this period.

A

Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, Chester Arthur, Grover Cleveland, and Benjamin Harrison

24
Q

Who was the journalist that drew cartoons to expose corruption of the bosses and Robber barons?

A

Thomas Nast

25
Q

What was the Economic growth of the industries fueled by?

A

1) wealth from the war
2) Modern machinery
3) Unlimited Workforce

26
Q

A what connected America at this time(linchpin)?

A

Railroads

27
Q

Who created the first light bulb?

A

Thomas Edison

28
Q

Rockefeller used what technique?

A

Horizontal integration

29
Q

What invention created in the late nineteenth century revolutionized communication?

A

Telephone

30
Q

Who was the only person in America wealthy enough to buy out Andrew Carnegie and organize the United States steel corporation?

A

J P Morgan

31
Q

Which act stopped chinese immigration for 30 years?

A

Chinese Exclusion Act

32
Q

Which act limited the number of Japanese immigrants to America?

A

Gentlemen’s Agreement

33
Q

Which act required immigrants to be able to read or write before entering the country.

A

Immigration Act of 1917

34
Q

What is the general name for vehicles for transportation?

A

Mass transit

35
Q

What movement swept through America for anti-immigrant sentiment?

A

Nativism

36
Q

Who were the big businesses controlled by?

A

Robber barons

37
Q

Who made there fortune on railroads?

A

Cornelius Vanderbilt

38
Q

Who made their fortune on banking and finance?

A

J P Morgan

39
Q

Who made their fortune by the automobile?

A

Henry Ford

40
Q

Who made their fortune by steel?

A

Andrew Carnegie

41
Q

Who made their fortune in the oil industry.

A

John D Rockefeller

42
Q

What was the average salary for the working class?

A

5,000

43
Q

Who was Jacob Riis?

A

Journalist and photographer who showed how the “other half lived”

44
Q

Who was the photographer that exposed the evils of child labor?

A

Lewis Hine

45
Q

What were reformers that exposed the “evils” of society called?

A

Muckrackers

46
Q

What reforms happened during the gilded age?

A

1) Helping the poor(have nots)
2) Improve working conditions
3) Women’s suffrage
4) Alcohol reform/prohibition
5) Education reform
6) Outlawing Child Labor
7) Government corruption
8) Ended Business “Monopolies”

47
Q

Who was known as the “Father of modern public education?”

A

Horace Mann

48
Q

Who were some women that fought for women’s right to vote?

A

Susan B Anthony, Lucrecia Mott, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Alice Paul

49
Q

Why were Labor Unions formed?

A

To protect workers rights

50
Q

Who was the founder of the social gospel movement?

A

Washington Gladden

History (6 decks)

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