Chapter 24 Diseases Flashcards
what causes gonorrhea?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
what causes chalmydia?
Chlamydia trachomatis
what causes genital warts?
Family papillomaviridae
characteristics of Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Gram negative diplococci with adjacent sides flattened
characteristics of chlamydia trachomatis
Obligately intracellular,non-motile and gram negative
characteristics of the family papillomaviridae
Non-enveloped, dsDNA viruses of which there are over 100 strains
reservoir for gonorrhea?
humans
reservoir for chalmydia?
humans
reservoir for genital warts?
humans
mode of transmission for gonorrhea?
Direct contact with an infected host
mode of transmission for chalmydia?
Direct contact
mode of transmission for genital warts?
skin to skin direct contact
portal of entry for gonorrhea?
Mucous membranes of genital, urinary, and digestive tracts of human
portal of entry for chalmydia?
Scrapes or cuts
portal of entry for genital warts?
tiny breaks in the skin
virulence factors for gonorrhea?
Fimbriae, polysaccharide capsule, lipooligosaccharide containing lipid a, igA protease
virulence factors for chalmydia?
18 different strains and all but one are pathogens of humans
virulence factors for genital warts?
Over 40 strains can infect the genital tract
Replicate exclusively in the basal layer of the keratinocytes
how does gonorrhea affect the body?
Gonococci adhere to mucous membranes and attach to sperm via fimbriae. Organisms phagocytosed but survive and multiply within neutrophils
how does chalmydia affect the body?
Infect conjunctiva, lungs, urinary tract and genital tract
Infects cells of conjunctiva or cells lining mucous membranes of traches, bronchi, urethra, uterus, uterine tubes, anus, and rectum
how does genital warts affect the body?
They can also lead to vaginal or vulvar cancer, anal cancer, and throat or mouth cance
signs and symptoms for gonorrhea?
Scarring, resulting in ectopic pregnancies Increased vaginal discharge.
Painful urination.
Vaginal bleeding between periods, such as after vaginal intercourse.
Abdominal or pelvic pain.
signs and symptoms for chalmydia?
Asymptomatic. Discharge from the penis or burning upon urination.
Permanent damage ro fallopian tubes, uterus, and surrounding tissue
signs and symptoms for genital warts?
genital warts most easily recognized sign (found on the vulva, anus, vagina, cervix, penis, thigh, groin, or scrotum
epidemiology for gonorrhea?
MSM disproportionally impacted by STIs
epidemiology for chalmydia?
Most commonly sexually transmitted bacterium. Prevalent in women <20
epidemiology for genital warts?
HPV most common sexually transmitted disease
diagnosis of gonorrhea?
Presence of gram-negative diplococci in pus from an inflamed penis from symptomatic male patient is diagnostic
diagnosis of chalmydia?
Demonstration of chlamydial DNA in specimen following PCR amplification of DNA
diagnosis of genital warts?
Observation
treatment for gonorrhea?
Treatment more difficult
Single does of 500 mg of intramuscular ceftriazone
treatment for chalmydia?
Doxycycline for days
treatment for genital warts?
Surgery, freezing, burning, laser
prevention of gonorrhea?
No long term specific immunity. No vaccine, latex condoms,
prevention of chalmydia?
Abstinence or faithful mutual monogamy. Condom some protection but can increase it
prevention of genital warts?
Gardasil 9, condoms
