Chapter 24

Question 1

Why did the new democracies set up after Wold War 1 fall?

Answer 1

people turned to authoritative leaders to solve economic crises because they weren’t in a democratic tradition and the leaders easily took control

Question 2

Joseph Stalin

Answer 2

communist leader of the Soviet Union and built it up for government industry

Question 3

totalitarian

Answer 3

complete control is exerted over citizens

Question 4

What are the characteristics of a totalitarian state?

Answer 4

individuals have no rights, and the government suppresses all opposition

Question 5

Benito Mussolini

Answer 5

Italian totalitarian ruler who fought for fascism

Question 6

fascism

Answer 6

nationalism and interest of state above individuals

Question 7

“black shirts”

Answer 7

Mussolini’s soldiers

Question 8

Adolf Hitler

Answer 8

leader of the Nazi Party (the National Socialist German Workers’ Party)

Question 9

storm troopers/brown shirts

Answer 9

Hitler’s private army

Question 10

Neutrality Acts

Answer 10

made to keep US out of war and stated that selling to warring countries was outlawed and no loans could be given to any civil wars

Question 11

Third Reich

Answer 11

totalitarian government made by Hitler to last a thousand years

Question 12

What country was Hitler’s first target? How did the annexation play out?

Answer 12

Austria; most of Austria was full of Germans that didn’t oppose uniting with Germany so it was an unopposed march

Question 13

What country was Hitler’s second target? How did the annexation play out?

Answer 13

Czechoslovakia; the Munich agreement was signed to avoid war with France and Britain (allies to Czech.) after the the German press sent horrible false stories about Czech people being cruel to Germans in Sudetenland to make Germans feel hatred

Question 14

What is Sudetenland?

Answer 14

the western regions of Czechoslovakia where many German speaking people lived

Question 15

Neville Chamberlain

Answer 15

the British Prime Minister that met in Munich to negotiate with Hitler about Sudetenland and signed the Munich Agreement to avoid war (appeasement)

Question 16

Winston Churchill

Answer 16

Chamberlain’s political rival in Great Britain that disapproved of Churchill’s appeasement with Hitler in the Munich Agreement and said that the country chose dishonor over war

Question 17

What country was Hitler’s third target? How did the annexation play out?

Answer 17

Poland; Hitler began to say the Germans in Poland were being oppressed and needed his help but many people thought he was bluffing because he risked fighting a two front war if Russia stepped in and France and Britain (allies of Poland) interfered. Stalin signed a nonaggression pact even though they were once enemies so they divided Poland between each other. Germany invaded later with the military and used the blitzkrieg strategy (beginning of WW2)

Question 18

appeasement

Answer 18

giving up principles to pacify an aggressor

Question 19

nonaggression pact

Answer 19

a commitment not to attack

Question 20

Lutwaffe

Answer 20

German air force

Question 21

blitzkrieg

Answer 21

German strategy of lightning war with fast tanks, powerful aircraft, etc to quickly crush enemies with overwhelming force

Question 22

sitzkrieg

Answer 22

“sitting war”– Phony War where it is just waiting and watching

Question 23

What did Hitler’s surprise invasions after the Phony War do for him?

Answer 23

it gave him access to Great Britain’s coasts

Question 24

Maginot Line

Answer 24

a system of fortifications built along France’s eastern border looking into Germany

Question 25

Charles de Gaulle

Answer 25

French general that set up government in England while he was in exile after France fell to Germany

Question 26

Holocaust

Answer 26

the systematic murder of millions of people (non-Aryans)

Question 27

Nuremberg Laws

Answer 27

stripped Jews of their German citizenship, jobs, and property and required them to wear a star

Question 28

Kristallnacht

Answer 28

“Night of Broken Glass”– the night Nazi storm troopers attacked, killed, and arrested Jews

Question 29

the St. Louis

Answer 29

German ocean liner holding immigrants with legal papers that was forced to return to Europe with Jews and other passengers

Question 30

genocide

Answer 30

the deliberate and systematic killing of an enitre population

Question 31

the SS

Answer 31

Hitler’s “security squadrons” or elite Nazi soldiers that killed and implemented the ‘Final Solution’

Question 32

ghettos

Answer 32

segregated Jewish areas

Question 33

concentration camps

Answer 33

labor camps

Question 34

“cash-and-carry” provision

Answer 34

allowed warring nations to buy U.S. arms as long as they paid cash and transported them with their own ships

Question 35

Axis Powers

Answer 35

Italy, Germany, and Japan joined together by the Tripartite Pact

Question 36

Selective Training and Service Act

Answer 36

peacetime military draft

Question 37

Lend-Lease Act

Answer 37

U.S. allowed to lend arms to any nation that was vital to the defense of the states

Question 38

wolf packs

Answer 38

German U-boats of 40+ strong would patrol and gang up on a convoy

Question 39

Atlantic Charter

Answer 39

joint declaration of war aims between Churchill and FDR that pledged collective security, disarmament, self-determination, economic cooperation, and freedom of the seas

Question 40

Allies

Answer 40

the United Nations against the Axis powers (26 nations)

Question 41

Hideki Tojo

Answer 41

chief of staff of Japanese army that fought for China and expanded Japanese control

Question 42

When did the USA enter WW2?

Answer 42

December 8, 1941