Chapter 2.3 - Seperating The Substances Of A Mixture

Question 0

Non mechanical means of separation

Answer 0

Use heat, electricity, magnetism, dissolving, or sticking to separate a mixtures components

Question 1

Physical separations

Answer 1

Separations not involving chemical reactions
Eg. Centrifugation, chromatography, recrystallization, decantation, density separation, distillation, electrophoresis, evaporation, extraction, floatation, filtration, freezing, magnetic separation, reverse osmosis, sedimentation

Question 2

Mechanical means of separation

Answer 2

Use gravity, contact forces, or motion to sort the components of a mixture

Question 3

Sediment(verb)

Sediment(noun)

Answer 3

To fall or sink to the bottom of a liquid

Is matter that has fallen or sunk to the bottom of a liquid

Question 4

Buoyancy

Answer 4

A medium exerts an upward force on all objects immersed in it

Question 5

Decanting

Answer 5

Carefully pouring off a liquid and leaving behind the sediment in the bottom of the original container

Question 6

Filtration

Answer 6

The liquid containing the sediment is poured into a folded piece of filter paper in a funnel.

Question 7

Residue

Answer 7

The material filtered out of a mixture

Question 8

Filtrate

Answer 8

The liquid that passes through the filter paper

Question 9

Centrifugation

Answer 9

Another method of separation (spinning) - enhances density separation - particles that would sink/rise still do so just in a more rapidly manner

Question 10

Inertia

Answer 10

Resistance to change in motion

Question 11

Chromatography

Answer 11

Separates the substances in a solution by having a flowing liquid or has carry them at different rates through a stationary phase

Question 12

Capillary Action

Answer 12

The tendency of a liquid to rise in narrow tubes or to be drawn into small openings

Question 13

Developing a chromatogram

Answer 13

The spraying of chemicals on a chromatogram to form coloured complexes with the separated substances so they reveal their location

Question 14

Elution

Answer 14

The process of rising the separated off the chromatogram

Question 15

Electrophoresis

Answer 15

Similar to chromatography except the stationary phase is gel coated slide or gel filled dish with oppositely charged electrodes at either end

Question 16

Distillation

Answer 16

Any process that separates a mixture of substances by using their different vapour pressures or boiling points

Question 17

Distillate

Answer 17

Pure substance created via distillation

Question 18

Residue

Answer 18

The remaining material in the filter/impurities that were dissolved in the water and remain as residue in original flask

Question 19

Azeotropic mixture

Answer 19

A mixture that cannot be separated

Question 20

Fractional distillation

Answer 20

Simple distillation is repeated many times

Question 21

Simple distillation

Answer 21

For separating dissolved solids from a solvent

Question 22

Minerals

Answer 22

Naturally occurring compounds

Question 23

Froth floatation

Answer 23

Process in which powdered ore is mixed with water; pine oil is added which adheres to minerals; air is bubbled through the mixture and the hydrophobic mineral grains are carried to the surface where they are retrieved by skimming them off the top

Question 24

Hydrophobic

Answer 24

Water repelling

Question 25

Ore

Answer 25

Rock containing a desired mineral