Chapter 2.2 - Classification Of Matter Flashcards
Alloys
Mixture containing metals (which are hard)
Chemical species
All the particles of matter
Allotrops
Different groupings or arrangement of the same atoms
Organic compound
Any compound that has carbon and hydrogen atoms (may have other types of atoms as well)
Binary compound
Composed of only 2 elements
Ion
Is a charged atom or group of atoms
Ionic compounds
Consist of positively and negatively charged ions held together by their opposite electrical charges
Ionic crystal lattices
A long range, symmetrical packing (ionic compounds)
Ionic bond
The attraction/bond between oppositely charged ions
Covalent bond
A shared pair of electrons that holds two atoms together
Molecule
A neutral group of covalently bonded atoms
Molecular compounds
Compounds consisting of molecules
Acid
A compound that has one or more H+ ions bonded to an anion (HCl, H2SO4, H3PO4)
Base
Hydroxides (OH - NaOH, Ca(OH)2, Al(OH)3)
Salt
Any ionic compound other than a hydroxide
Homogeneous Mixture
A mixture that appears the same throughout ( particles smaller than 1 micrometer)
Heterogenous mixture
A mixture that doesn’t appear the same throughout (some particles bigger than 1 micrometer)
Solution
Type of homogenous mixture in which the constituent chemical species do not aggregate to form any particles bigger than 1 nanometer
Solute
Minor component of a mixture - generally what had been dissolved
Solvent
A major component of a mixture - generally what a solute is dissolved in
Aqueous
Dissolved in water
Tyndall effect
Difference in the dispersion of light when shone through various homogeneous mixtures
