Chapter 2.1 - Matter

Question 0

Mechanical energy

Answer 0

Any form of energy that enables transitional, rotational and/or vibrational motion

Question 1

Kinetic Energy

Answer 1

Any form of energy that can’t be stored - greater mass, greater kinetic energy

Question 2

Thermal Energy

Answer 2

Total mechanical energy of an object or a materials particles

Question 3

Temperature

Answer 3

The average mechanical energy of the particles that compose a material (intensive property)

Question 4

Heat

Answer 4

Energy transferred from one body to another because of a difference in temperature

Question 5

Operational Definition

Answer 5

Observable characteristics that help is classify things as belonging/not belonging to the defined group

Question 6

Conceptual Definition

Answer 6

Explain what operational definitions describe

Question 7

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Answer 7

Explains what happens to matter when the Kinetic energy of particles changes

Question 8

Melting point

Answer 8

The temperature of a solid as it change to a liquid

Question 9

Vapour

Answer 9

The gas formed by a substance that boils above room temperature

Question 10

Boiling

Answer 10

Vigorous bubbling that occurs within a body of liquid as it vaporizes internally

Question 11

Volatile

Answer 11

Substances that readily evaporate or evaporate at high rates
(High vapour pressures and low boiling points)

Question 12

Chemistry

Answer 12

The science concerned with the properties, composition, and behaviour of matter

Question 13

Heat of fusion (Hf)

Answer 13

Amount of heat required to melt a specific amount of a substance at it’s melting point

Question 14

Potential Energy

Answer 14

Stored energy

Question 15

Matter

Answer 15

Is anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 16

Mass

Answer 16

Is the amount of matter contained in a thing (kg/g)

Question 17

Properties

Answer 17

Are the qualities/characteristics of a thing

Classified as being intensive/extensive

Question 18

Extensive Properties

Answer 18

Qualities that are or depend on the amount of material

Eg. Mass, volume, electrical resistance, flexibility

Question 19

Intensive properties

Answer 19

Qualities that do not depend on the amount of material
Eg. Melting point
Eg. Gold has density of 19.3 g/cm^3. Golds melting point and density are the same for all samples. These properties can be used to identify a material.

Question 20

Physical properties

Answer 20

Describe physical changes - changes of state or form physical properties describe the physical characteristics of a material.

Question 21

Chemical Properties

Answer 21

Describe chemical changes. New substances are formed. Describe tendency of chemical to react, chemicals stability, reactivity, toxicity, flammability
EVIDENCE:
Precipitation, colour change, release/absorption of light/heat and gas is released

Question 22

Reactivity

Answer 22

Refers to whether a substance reacts or to it’s reaction rate

Question 23

Heat of formation

Answer 23

The heat released when a substance is formed from it’s elements

Question 24

Heat of combustion

Answer 24

The heat released when a specified amount of a substance undergoes complete combustion with oxygen