Chapter 23 Questions Flashcards
The function of the blood is to \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ all of the body's cells and tissues. A) Remove oxygen from B) deliver nutrients to C) carry waste products to D) all of the above
deliver nutrients to
The cardiovascular system consists of: A) a pump B) a container C) fluid D) all of the above
all of the above
Blood leaves each chamber of a normal heart through a(n): A) vein B) artery C) one-way valve D) capillary
one-way valve
Blood enters the right atrium from the: A) coronary arteries B) lungs C) vena cava D) coronary veins
vena cava
Blood enters the left atrium from the: A) coronary arteries B) lungs C) vena cava D) coronary veins
lungs
The only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated blood are the: A) pulmonary arteries B) coronary arteries C) femoral arteries D) subclavian arteries
pulmonary arteries
The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the thickest chamber of the heart A) right atrium B) right ventricle C) left atrium D) left ventricle
left ventricle
The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ link(s) the arterioles and the venules A) aorta B) capillaries C) vena cava D) valves
capillaries
At the arterial end of the capillaries, the muscles dilate and constrict in response to conditions such as: A) fright B) a specific need for oxygen C) a need to dispose of metabolic wastes D) all of the above
all of the above
Blood contains all of the following EXCEPT: A) white blood cells B) plasma C) cerebrospinal fluid D) platelets
cerebrospinal fluid
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' current needs for oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal A) anatomy B) perfusion C) physiology D) conduction
perfusion
The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ only require(s) a minimal blood supply when at rest A) lungs B) kidneys C) muscles D) heart
muscles
The term \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ means “constantly adapting to changing conditions.” A) perfusion B) conduction C) dynamic D) autonomic
dynamic
\_\_\_\_\_ is inadequate tissue perfusion A) shock B) hyperfusion C) hypertension D) contraction
shock
The brain and spinal cord usually cannot go for more than \_\_\_\_\_\_ minutes without perfusion or the nerve cells will be permanently damaged. A) 30 to 25 B) 12 to 20 C) 8 to 10 D) 4 to 6
4 to 6
An organ or tissue that is considerably \_\_\_\_\_\_ is much better able to resist damage from hypoperfusion A) warmer B) colder C) younger D) older
colder
The body will not tolerate an acute blood loss of greater than \_\_\_ of blood volume A) 10% B) 20% C) 30% D) 40%
20%
If the typical adult loses more than 1 L of blood, significant changes in vital signs, such as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_, will occur. A) Decreased heart rate B) increased respiratory rate C) increased blood pressure D) all of the above
increased respiratory rate
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ shock is a condition in which low blood volume results in inadequate perfusion or even death A) Hypovolemic B) metabolic C) septic D) psychogenic
hypovolemic
You should consider bleeding to the serious if all of the following conditions are present EXCEPT:
A) blood loss is rapid
B) there is no mechanism of injury
C) the patient has a poor general appearance
D) assessment reveals signs and symptoms of shock
there is no mechanism of injury
Significant blood loss demands your immediate attention as soon as the \_\_\_\_\_\_ has been managed A) fracture B) extrication C) airway D) none of the above
airway
The process of blood clotting and plugging the hole is called: A) conglomeration B) configuration C) coagulation D) coalition
coagulation
Even though the body is very efficient at controlling bleeding on its own, it may fail in situation such as:
A) when medication interfere with normal clotting
B) when damage to the vessel may be so large, that a clot cannot completely block the hole
C) when only part of the vessel wall is cut prevent it from constricting
D) all of the above
all of the above
A lack of one or more of the blood's clotting factors is called: A) a deficiency B) hemophilia C) platelet anomaly D) anemia
hemophilia
You respond to a 25-year-old-man who has cut his arm with a circular saw. The bleeding appears to be bright red and spurting. The patient is alert and oriented and converses with you freely. He appears to be stable at this point. What is your first step in controlling his bleeding? A) Direct pressure B) maintain the airway C) standard precautions D) elevation
standard precautions
When applying a bandage to hold a dressing in place, stretch the bandage tight enough to control the bleeding but not so tight as to decrease \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the extremity A) blood flow B) pulses C) oxygen D) CRTs
blood flow
If bleeding continues after applying a pressure dressing, you should do all of the following EXCEPT:
A) remove the dressing and apply another sterile dressing
B) apply manual pressure through the dressing
C) add more gauze pads over the first dressing
D) secure both dressings tighter with a roller bandage
remove the dressing and apply another sterile dressing
When using an air splint to control bleeding in a fractured extremity, you should reassess the \_\_\_\_\_\_ frequently A) airway B) breathing C) circulation in the injured extremity D) fracture site
circulation in the injured extremity
When treating the patient with signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock and no outward signs of bleeding, always consider the possibility of bleeding into the: A) thoracic cavity B) abdomen C) skull D) chest
abdomen
Nontraumatic internal bleeding may be caused by a(n): A) ulcer B) ruptured ectopic pregnancy C) aneurysm D) all of the above
all of the above
The most common symptom of internal abdominal bleeding is: A) bruising around the abdomen B) distention of the abdomen C) rigidity of the abdomen D) acute abdominal pain
acute abdominal pain
Signs and symptoms of internal bleeding in both trauma and medical patients include: A) hematemesis B) melena C) hemoptysis D) all of the above
all of the above
The first sign of hypovolemic shock is a change in: A) respirations B) heart rate C) mental status D) blood pressure
blood pressure
The _____ side of the heart recoeves oxygen-poor blood from the veins
right
_________ is the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells’ current needs for oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal
perfusion
A(n) ______ is also called a contusion
bruise
________ bleeding is any bleeding in a cavity or space inside the body
internal
A systolic blood pressure of less than ___ mm Hg with a weak, rapid pulse suggests the presence of hypoperfusion in a patient who may have significant bleeding
100
____________ is vomited blood
hematosis
_________ blood is dark red and oozes from a wound steadily but slowly
capillary
The _________ _______ system monitors the body’s needs from moment to moment and adjusts blood flow by changing the vascular tone, as needed
autonomic nervous
___________ are small tubes that are about the same diameter as a single red blood cell
capillaries
The heart is a(n) ___________ muscle that is under the control of the autonomic nervous system
involuntary
