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Peds > Chapter 23: Growth and Development of the Infant > Flashcards

Chapter 23: Growth and Development of the Infant Flashcards

1
Q

How much do newborns lose up to during the first week of life?

A

10% of birth weight

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2
Q

Infants _____ their weight by 6 months

A

double

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3
Q

Infants _____ their weight by 12 months

A

triple

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4
Q

***By age 1, length should increase by ____%

A

50%

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5
Q

What should be used to measure a newborns length?

A

Recumbent board not a tape measure

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6
Q

Small babies are measured in what unit of measurement?

A

Grams

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7
Q

Asian infants tend to be ______, and African American infants tend to be ____.

A

Smaller; Larger

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8
Q

At birth an infants head circumference averages about?

A

13.7 in (35 cm)
usually slightly larger than chest

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9
Q

At what month does the chest grow rapidly and catch up to the head circumference?

A

5-7 months of age

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10
Q

The posterior fontanelle closes when?***

A

6-8 weeks
(2nd or 3rd month of life)

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11
Q

The anterior fontanelle closes when?**

A

12-18 months

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12
Q

A sunken fontanelle indicates?

A

dehydration

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13
Q

A bulging fontanelle indicates?

A

ICP

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14
Q

When does teeth eruption usually first begin?

A

6-8 months

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15
Q

What teeth are usually first to erupt?

A

Lower central incisors

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16
Q

At 12 months how many teeth should you have?

A

6-8 teeth

17
Q

Teething Symptoms

A
  1. Sucking or biting on fingers or hard objects
  2. Drooling
  3. Irritable
  4. Difficulty sleeping
  5. Mild fever
  6. Rub their ears
  7. Decreased appetite
18
Q

How is teething treated?

A

Frozen teething ring or ice cube wrapped in a wash cloth

Topical antiseptic ointment (orajel)

Acetaminophen or ibuprofen
-infant must be >6 months for ibuprofen***
-should not use medications >3 days

19
Q

Developmental Milestones:
Gross Motor Skills
2 months:
4 months:
6 months:
8 months:
10 months:
12 months:

A

2 months: Lifts head off mattress when prone

4 months: Rolls from back to side

6 months: Rolls from back to front

8 months: Sits unsupported

10 months: Changes from prone to sitting
position

12 months: Sits down from standing position
without assistance and can walk with one hand held.

20
Q

Developmental Milestones: Fine motor Skills
2 months:
4 months:
6 months:
8 months:
10 months:
12 months:

A

2 months: Hands in open position

4 months: Grasps objects with both hands

6 months: Holds bottle

8 months: Begins using pincer grasp***

10 months: Grasps rattle by handle

12 month: Can turn pages in a book

21
Q

At what developmental age do babies learn the fine motor skill; pincher grasp

A

8 months

22
Q

What is the first form of communication?

A

Crying

infants cry for 1-1.5 hrs/day

23
Q

Crying decreases by ____ weeks?

A

12 weeks

24
Q

How does each milestone communicate

2 months:
4 months:
6 months:
9 months:
12 months:

A

2 months: cries and makes other sounds

4 months: coos, makes sounds back when talked to, turns head towards familiar sounds

6 months: high pitched squeal, sticks tongue out

9 months: makes lots of various sounds with longer syllables, comprehends simple commands

12 months: speaks 1-2 words with meaning

25
Q

What is attachment?

A

When infants begin to bond with their parents

26
Q

Separation anxiety develops when?

A

around 4-8 months
-infants will protest when separated from parent

11-12 months infants will anticipate the parents departure by watching behaviors

27
Q

When does stranger fear develop?

A

6-8 months

28
Q

What is reactive attachment?

A

Results from maladaptive or absent attachment between infant and parents

Continues through childhood and adulthood

29
Q

What kind of play do kids engage in?

A

Solitary play

Olay should provide interpersonal contact and educational stimulation

30
Q

Solid foods are introduced at what age?

A

6 months

31
Q

What solid food is introduced first?

A

Iron fortified cereal

Veggies before fruits

New foods 3-5 days apart to help identify allergies

32
Q

No cows milk until what month of age?**

A

12 months!!

33
Q

Newborns sleep how many hours?

A

10-19 hours/day

at 3 months, 7-8 hrs/night without waking

34
Q

At what month might night waking occur but night feeding is not required?

A

6 months

35
Q

At 12 months then infant sleeps _____ hours and don’t require what overnight

A

9-12hours

dont require feeding

36
Q

After what month should infants learn to soothe themselves back to sleep?

A

4 months

37
Q

What should the temperature of the hot water heater be?

A

120 degrees or less

38
Q

Infants should be rear facing until?

A

Age 2 years

Safest spot in the back, middle seat

Peds (3 decks)

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