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Obgyn 2 > Chapter 23 > Flashcards

Chapter 23 Flashcards

1
Q

What condition causes both great arteries to arise from the right ventricle with a VSD and pulmonary stenosis?

A

Double outlet right ventricle (DORV)

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2
Q

What is the most common benign tumor found in the ventricle?

A

Rhabdomyoma

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3
Q

What is akinetic?

A

without motion

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4
Q

What is it called when the apex of the heart points to the right?

A

Dextrocardia

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5
Q

What is right ventricular hypoplasia?

A

Underdevelopment of right ventricle and hypoplasia of the tricuspid valve

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6
Q

What defect allows oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to pass into the right ventricle?

A

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)

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7
Q

What is the ductus venosus?

A

Connection between the umbilical vein and the inferior vena cava

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8
Q

What are premature atrial contractions (PACs)

A

An irregular extra contraction of the atria out of sync with the ventricles

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9
Q

What is another name for abnormal heart rate?

A

arrhythmia

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10
Q

What is truncus arteriosus?

A

Defect leaving single artery spanning the ventricles

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11
Q

What is dyskinetic?

A

impaired movement

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12
Q

What defect leaves an abnormal opening between the right and left atria?

A

Atrial septal defect (ASD)

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13
Q

What is tricuspid atresia?

A

Congenital absence of the tricuspid valve

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14
Q

What is the first section of the interatrial septum to form in the embryo?

A

Septum primum

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15
Q

What anomaly causes displacement of the tricuspid valve toward the apex of the heart?

A

Ebstein’s anomaly

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16
Q

What are papillary muscles?

A

Muscular projections into the ventricles that anchor the chordae tendinae of the AV valves

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17
Q

What is another name for narrowing of the aorta?

A

Coarctation of the aorta

18
Q

What anomaly causes a congenital heart malformation where the aorta arises from the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle?

A

Transposition of the great arteries (TGA)

19
Q

What are hydrops,nonimmune?

A

Accumulation of fluid in the chest and abdomen due to heart failure

20
Q

What is bradyarrhythmia?

A

Slow heart rate

21
Q

What is the opening between the atria allowing for blood flow from the right to the left during fetal life?

A

Foramen ovale

22
Q

The embryonic heart is completely formed by the beginning of what week?

A

8th week

23
Q

Fetal blood circulates within the embryo at:

A

3 weeks’ postconception

24
Q

Fetal oxygenated blood circulation from the placenta enters the fetus through the:

A

umbilical vein to the hepatic circulation and left portal vein

25
Q

Fetal blood from the IVC enters the heart:

A

Right atrium

26
Q

In the fetus, left atrial blood passes through the _________ into the left ventricle.

A

d.mitral valve

27
Q

The greatest concentration of oxygenated fetal blood is to the fetal:

A

Cranium

28
Q

A normal heart orientation is:

A

Levocardia

29
Q

In the normal fetal heart, which chamber is located closest to the fetal spine?

A

Left atrium

30
Q

What is a normal fetal heart rate during the 2nd and 3rd trimester?

A

110-130 bpm

31
Q

A syndrome that includes aortic atresia, a small left ventricle, and mitral valve atresia is:

A

HLHS

32
Q

An abnormally large right atrium and abnormally small right ventricle is an indication of:

A

Ebstein’s anomaly

33
Q

What anomaly describes a single vessel overriding a VSD and regurgitant flow?

A

truncus arteriosus

34
Q

DORV involves:

A

parallel aorta and pulmonary artery and VSD

35
Q

Ostium primum and ostium secundum defects involve the:

A

Atrial septum

36
Q

The pulmonary valve receives blood from the:

A

Right ventricle

37
Q

Blood begins to circulate in the embryo at _________ weeks’ postconception, which is _________ weeks’ gestational age.

A

3, 5

38
Q

A right-sided heart with the apex pointing left is called _________.

A

Dextroposition

39
Q

A heart positioned in the right chest with the apex pointing right is labeled _________.

A

Dextrocardia

40
Q

A midline heart is termed _________.

A

Mesocardia

Obgyn 2 (12 decks)

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