Chapter 19 and 20

Question 1

What is a bilobed placenta?

Answer 1

extra placenta lobe smaller than the placenta

Question 2

What are uterine contractions that do not lead to labor?

Answer 2

Braxton hicks

Question 3

What are cotyledons?

Answer 3

A lobule or subdivision of the maternal placenta containing fetal vessels, chorionic villi, and the intervillous space.

Question 4

What is the functional layer of the endometrium in the gravid woman?

Answer 4

Deciduas

Question 5

What is the area between the myometrium and the placenta called?

Answer 5

Retroplacental

Question 6

What is the valsalva maneuver?

Answer 6

Inhalation and suspension of breath coupled with abdominal muscle contraction to increase abdominal pressure

Question 7

What is the vernix caseosum?

Answer 7

White, cheese-like coating of fetal skin

Question 8

What is the mucous tissue surround the umbilical cord?

Answer 8

Wharton’s jelly

Question 9

Vascular resistance changes in the umbilical cord can be caused by:

Answer 9

Umbilical cord compression, placental tumor and maternal diabetes

Question 10

The umbilical cord originates from fusion of the yolk sac stalk and the omphalomesenteric duct at approximately:

Answer 10

7 weeks gestation

Question 11

The umbilical cord consists of:

Answer 11

two arteries, a vein, and Wharton’s jelly

Question 12

Placental calcification may be caused by

Answer 12

maternal smoking, parity and season of the year

Question 13

Umbilical arteries carry _________ blood from the fetus to the placenta. The umbilical vein returns _________ back from the placenta.

Answer 13

deoxygenated, oxygenated

Question 14

A low-lying placenta or placenta previa may mimic a uterine _________ or _________.

Answer 14

contraction or fibroid

Question 15

What is marginal insertion?

Answer 15

When the umbilical cord inserts at the placental margin instead of centrally.

Question 16

What is another name for marginal insertion?

Answer 16

battledore placenta

Question 17

What method assess the degree of umbilical cord coiling?

Answer 17

Umbilical coiling index

Question 18

Placental hydrops produces a :

Answer 18

Thick placenta with “ground glass” appearance

Question 19

A jelly-like placenta is associated with:

Answer 19

IUGR

Question 20

A succenturiate placenta:

Answer 20

most often has velamentous umbilical cord insertion

Question 21

What are risk factors for placenta previa?

Answer 21

Previous c-section, multiple gestations, and previous elective abortions

Question 22

A placenta is considered low lying if the inferior margin is:

Answer 22

Within 2 cm of the internal os

Question 23

The most infiltrative form of placenta accreta is:

Answer 23

Percreta

Question 24

Attachment problems of the placenta are known as:

Answer 24

Morbidly adherent placenta, placental attachment disorder, and abnormally invasive placenta

Question 25

Placental infarction is caused by?

Answer 25

Obstructed spiral arteries

Question 26

A benign vascular malformation of the placenta is:

Answer 26

Chorioangioma

Question 27

Premature separation of all or part of the placenta from the myometrium is:

Answer 27

Abruption

Question 28

Amniotic band syndrome is a condition that:

Answer 28

Is a result of rupture of the amnion without rupture of the chorion

Question 29

A condition of pregnancy where the trophoblastic cells produce excessive amounts of β-human chorionic gonadotropin is:

Answer 29

Molar pregnancy

Question 30

SUA is associated with:

Answer 30

Cardiovascular malformations, central nervous system defects, and musculoskeletal abnormalities

Question 31

PRUV, a common vascular variant, describes:

Answer 31

Open right portal vein

Question 32

TTTS is caused by:

Answer 32

monochorionic twin pregnancies sharing a placenta with anastomoses between the umbilical vessels

Question 33

Prenatal management of known umbilical pseudo and true cysts:

Answer 33

Involves serial ultrasound examinations

Question 34

Cord prolapse is defined as:

Answer 34

presentation of the umbilical cord in advance of the fetal presenting part during labor and delivery

Question 35

Subamniotic cysts or subamniotic hematomas result from rupture of _________ close to the umbilical cord insertion into the placenta

Answer 35

Chorionic vessels