Chapter 22: Clients with Spinal Cord Injury, MS, Epilepsy, and Cerebral Palsy

Question 1

this results from noxious stimuli such as a destended bladder or bowel, constricting clothing and infections that cause heightened sympathetic NS activity resulting in sudden onset of hypertension

Answer 1

autonomic dysreflexia (AD)

Question 2

higher HR, lower BP, improper temperature regulation and venous return are all exercise concerns for this special populations

Answer 2

SCI clients

Question 3

Persons with SCI, particularly those with high lesions are unable to do this in paralyzed areas, imparing the ability to dissipate metabolic heat and places them at increased risk for heat related injuires

Answer 3

increase bloodflow to the skin

Question 4

The inabiltiy to increase blood flow to the skin also exposes SCI clients to an increased risk of this

Answer 4

cold-related injuries

Question 5

the major pathophysiologic problems limiting the ability of a person with SCI to engage in and adapt to exercise training are the (2)

Answer 5

extensive skeletal muscle paralysis

sympathetic autonomic NS impairment

Question 6

common mode for exercise testing for persons with SCI

Answer 6

arm crank ergometer

Question 7

Forced vital capacity is reduced by this much in people with SCI

Answer 7

50%

Question 8

This is suggested to train inspiratory muscles in quadraplegics

Answer 8

resistive inspiratory muscle training

Question 9

exaggerated muscle tone and reflexes

Answer 9

spasticity

Question 10

people with MS are prone to this, and many different methods can be utilized to correct it

Answer 10

heat intolerance

Question 11

increasing muscle strength, muscle tone, equalize agonist-antagonist muscle strength, and reduce spasticity are all goals of training individuals with this condition

Answer 11

MS

Question 12

during the first few months of aerobic training for an individual with MS progression should be achieved thorugh this

Answer 12

increasing training volume by increasing training time or adding another day

Question 13

aerboic exercise goals for this population include improving cardiovascular function, reduce the risk for CVD, and reduce activity-induced fatigue

Answer 13

MS

Question 14

Progression should occur at this rate compared to normal individuals in people with MS

Answer 14

50% the rate

Question 15

This type of exercise in clinets with MS should be avoided

Answer 15

exercise to exhaustion

Question 16

This is a warning sign that an exercise program is excessive

Answer 16

persistent fatigue lasting more than two days

Question 17

T/F: in many persons with epilepsy, regular aerobic exercise may contribute to improved seizure control

Answer 17

T

Question 18

This percent of individuals with epilepsy may experience a precipitant seizure due to vigorous exercise

Answer 18

10%

Question 19

T/F: there are special exercise protocols for people with epilepsy

Answer 19

F, they can be trained such as normal individuals

Question 20

inability to perform coordinated voluntary gross and fine motor skills

Answer 20

apraxia

Question 21

uncoordinated voluntary movements: clients with this often have a wide based gait with genu recurvatum or hyperextended knee and may exhibit mild intention tremors

Answer 21

ataxia

Question 22

slow, writhing, contortion like motions of the appendicular musculature

Answer 22

athetosis

Question 23

state of excessive, spontaneous movements, irregularly timed, that are nonrepetitive and abrupt, client is unable to maintain voluntary muscle contractions

Answer 23

chorea

Question 24

impairment of voluntary movement resulting in incomplete movements

Answer 24

dyskinesis

Question 25

sustained muscle contractions that result in twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal posture

Answer 25

dystonia

Question 26

shock like synchronous or asynchronous contractions of a portion of a muscle, and entire muscle, or group of muscles

Answer 26

myoclonus

Question 27

a state of increased tonus of a muscle characterized by heightened deep tendon reflexes

Answer 27

spasticity

Question 28

this is an irreversible condition and medical and rehapilitative therapy focuses on controlling spasticity and athetosis and improving function and neuromuscular coordination

Answer 28

cerebral palsy

Question 29

These two things are preferred modalities for exercise testing in ambulatory persons with CP

Answer 29

leg ergometer and the arm+leg ergometer