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NSCA-CPT Part 5 Clients With Unique Needs > Chapter 21: Clients with Orthopedic, Injury, and Rehabilitation Concerns > Flashcards

Chapter 21: Clients with Orthopedic, Injury, and Rehabilitation Concerns Flashcards

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1
Q

refers to an injury with a sudden and obvious episode of tissue overload and subsequent damage

A

macrotrauma

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2
Q

the lack of overt trauma suggests that this reuslts from the accumulation of tissue damage across time

A

microtrauma

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3
Q

microscopic nerve damage in soft tissue

A

deafferentation

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4
Q

three phases of healing

A

inflammation
proliferation
remodeling

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5
Q

prepare for the new tissue formation that occurs during subsequent phases of tissue healing

A

inflammatory phase

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6
Q

this maximizes the natural physiological process of the inflammatory phase and supports appropriate tissue healing

A

rest

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7
Q

tissue repair begins this soon after injury

A

3-5 days

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8
Q

collagen fibers are strongest when they are arranged in this order

A

parallel and lie longitudinally to the primary line of stress

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9
Q

these types of exercises may be permitted during the repair phase

A

submaximal isometric exercises

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10
Q

this is the primary goal during the remodeling phase of healing

A

optimizing tissue function

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11
Q

with clients rehabilitating an orthopedic injury is is good practice to do this when progressing

A

increase only one exercise parameter at a time to make it easy to determine what may have triggered the negative response, should one occur

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12
Q

activity that will benefit the injured client

A

indication

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13
Q

activity that is inadvisable or prohibited because of a given injury

A

contraindication

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14
Q

and activity that may be performed under supervision of a qualified personal training and according to client limitations

A

precaution

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15
Q

people with low back pain, especially those with hypermobility or instability problems should have this type of work incorporated into their programs

A

balance

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16
Q

this is the most common type of disc herniation

A

posterolateral disc herniation

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17
Q

clients with herniated lumbar discs are generally encouraged to avoided these types of exercises

A

lumbar flexion

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18
Q

spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis commonly occur during the following types of exercises

A

lumbar extension

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19
Q

The trunk and legs provide this % of the total kinetic energy and total force for overhead activitres

A

51-55%

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20
Q

These types of exercises should be used to strengthen the Rotator cuff

A

endurance, low weight, closed chain

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21
Q

this is a pinching of the supraspinatus and the long head of the biceps tendon or subacromial bursa under the acromial arch

A

impingement syndrome

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22
Q

avoid these types of exercises for clients with impingement syndrome

A

overhead presses and upright row

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23
Q

The safe zone for impingement and shoulder instability

A

humerus below 90degrees elevation of the shoulder and arms anterior to the frontal plane of the body

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24
Q

this is the commonly torn muscle of the rotator cuff

A

supraspinatus

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25
Q

this is also known as runners knee

A

anterior knee pain

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26
Q

also known as the miserable alignment syndrome

A

anterior knee pain

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27
Q

anterior knee pain is due to the alteration of this be a variety of causes

A

tracking of the patella in the trochlear groove

28
Q

in addition to quadraceps strengthening, exercises emphasizing unilateral balance tasks and targeting hip strength are recognized as an essential component of treating and preventing this condition

A

anterior knee pain

29
Q

Movement contraindications(low back pain): Disc injury

A

lumbar flexion

lumbar rotation

30
Q

Movement contraindications(low back pain): Muscle Strain

A

passive lumbar flexion during inflammatory phase

31
Q

Movement contraindications(low back pain): spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis

A

Lumbar extension

32
Q

Exercise contraindications(low back pain): disc injury

A

sit-up
knee-to-chest stretch
spinal twist

33
Q

Exercise contraindications(low back pain): muscle strain

A

knee to chest strectch

34
Q

Exercise contraindications(low back pain): spondylolysis

A

squat
shoulder press
push press

35
Q

Exercise indications (low back pain): disc injury

A

passive lumbar extension stretches

isometric abdominal and extenssor strengthening, progressing to lumbar stabilization program

36
Q

Exercise indications (low back pain): muscle strain

A

none during inflammatory phase

progressing to gentle flexion stretching followed by extension strengthening

37
Q

Exercise indications (low back pain): spondylolysis

A

knee to chest stretch
abdominal crunch
pelvic neutral stabilization

38
Q

Movement contraindications(shoulder): impingement syndrome

A

overhead with internally rotated shoulder or painful motions

39
Q

Movement contraindications(shoulder): instability

A

anterior: combined external rotation with >90degree abduction
posterior: combined internal rotation, horizontal adduction and flexion
inferior: full elevation, dependent arm

40
Q

Movement contraindications(shoulder): rotator cuff pathology

A

resisted overhead movements

41
Q

Exercise indications (shoulder): impingement syndrome

A

shoulder press
lateral dumbbell raise with internally rotated shoulder
upright row above shoulder level
incline bench press

42
Q

Exercise indications (shoulder): instability

A

bench press
pec deck
push up
behind the neck lat pull down and shoulder press

43
Q

Exercise indications (shoulder): rotator cuff pathology

A

painful exercises and early quick eccentric actions

44
Q

Exercise indications (shoulder): impingement

A

rotator cuff strengthening

pain-free exercises

45
Q

Exercise indications (shoulder): instability

A

rotator cuff strengthing exercises
scapular strengthening
stabilization: static to dynamic

46
Q

Exercise indications (shoulder): rotator cuff

A

rotator cuff strengthening beginning 4-6 weeks post-surgery

47
Q

Movement contraindications (ankle): inversion sprain

A

inversion with weight bearing

48
Q

exercise contraindications (ankle): inversion sprain

A

activites involing loaded or full weight bearing

49
Q

exercise indications (ankle): inversion sprain

A

open chain ROM and strength until weight bearing is permitted

50
Q

Movement contraindications (knee): anterior knee pain

A

closed chain knee movements with >90degrees flexion

open chain knee movements 0-30 degrees flexion

51
Q

Movement contraindications (knee): ACL recon

A

open chain knee movements <45degree flexion

52
Q

Movement contraindications (knee): total knee arthroplasty

A

closed chain knee movements >100degrees flexion

kneeling

53
Q

Exercise contraindications (knee): anterior knee pain

A

full squat
full lunge
end of range leg extension
stair stepper with large steps

54
Q

Exercise contraindications (knee): ACL recon

A

end of range leg extension

55
Q

Exercise contraindications (knee): total knee arthroplastyt

A

full squat

full lunge

56
Q

Exercise indications (knee): Anterior knee pain

A

1/4 to 1/2 squat and leg press
partial lunge/leg curl
stair stepper with short choppy steps

57
Q

Exercise indications (knee): ACl recon

A 
3/4 squat and leg press
step-up
leg curl
stiff-leg deadlift
elliptical trainer
58
Q

Exercise indications (knee): total knee arthroplasty

A 
1/4 to 1/2 squat and leg press
partial lunge
leg extension and leg curl
stationary bike
aquatics, swimming
59
Q

movement contraindications (hip)

A

forceful hip flexion

hip abduction and rotation

60
Q

exercise contraindications (hip)

A

ballistic or forced stretching

61
Q

exercise indications (hip)

A

aquatic walking

62
Q

movement contraindications: osteoarthritis

A

high impact activites

63
Q

exercise contraindicaitons: osteoarthritis

A

running
snow skiing
jogging

64
Q

exercise indications: osteoarthritis

A

bicycle
stair stepper
elliptical training
aquatics, swimming

65
Q

movement contraindications: RA

A

high-impact cardiovascular exercise
neck flexibility or strengthening in clients with hisotry of neck instability
movements outside the safe zone

66
Q

exercise contraindications: RA

A

running or jogging
upper trapezius stretch
manually resisted neck strengthening
behind the neck shoulder press

67
Q

exercise indications: RA

A

moderate intensity aerobic endurance exercise (60-80%)
Range of motion and flexibility exercises
isometric exercise (for the unstable joint)
water aerobics
stationary bicycling

NSCA-CPT Part 5 Clients With Unique Needs (6 decks)

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