Chapter 19: Clients with Nutritional and Metabolic Concerns Flashcards
T/F: obese individuals have a higher RMR than do people with normal weight
T, it takes more energy to move the heavy mass
Clients who are overweight may benefit simply from doing this
increasing physical activity
Clients who are obese should concentrate on this pertaining to weight loss
cutting calories and increasing physical activity
food availablity, socioeconomic status, and lack of access to exercise facilities are examples of this factor that effects obesity
enviornmental
eating patterns determined by individual preferences and ethnic back grounds, overeating/binge eating, and activity patterns are examples of this factor that effects obesity
behavioral
differences in RMR, levels of lipoprotien lipase and other enzymes, sympathetic nervous system activity, and dietary-induced thermogensis are examples of this factor that effects obesity
genetic or metabolic
each additional hour of TV use results in this much greater risk of becoming obese in adolescence
20-30%
T/F: while physical activity may or may not help a client lose weight, it reduces many obesity related risk factors and is critical for lang-term weight maintenance
T
In general women should consume diets not less than this number range of calories, while men should be no lower than this range
1000-1200
1200-1600
T/F: low calorie diets have been shown to not be as effective as very low calorie diets (800 calories)
F, same weight loss after 1 year, and decreased lean-tissue loss
what is a reasonable initial goal of weight loss, and in what time frame should this occur in
10% BW in 6 months
A reduction of 3-5% BW is sufficient to achieve this
reduction in health risk
a moderate lvl of physical activity is approximatly this many calories per day, and this much per week
150/day and 1000/week
ACSM suggests this minimum of activity per week
150-250 minutes/week at moderate to vigorous intensity
For long term weight loss ACSM suggests this frequency and duration of exercise
atleast 5 days per week, for 50-60 minutes per day
to promote adherence to an exercise program it is suggested to have this duration and intensity
longer duration and lower intensity
the practice of clients taking note of their activity and diet behaviors and recording them is known as
self-monitoring
identification of the social or environmental cues that seem to trigger undesired eating patters or non-participation in physical activity and then modifying those cues
stimulus control
difference between anorexia and bulimia
a person with anorexia exhibits strict control of food, while bulimia is experiencing a loss of control
binge eating and purging behaviors that occur on an average of at least 2 a week for at least 3 months
diagnosis for bulimia
3 parts of the female athlete triad
disordered eating
amenorrhea
osteoporosis
it is important to monitor these two things in clients who are recovering from the female athlete triad
HR and BP
an exercise program for a client who is recovering from disordered eating should deemphasize this, and emphasize this
weight loss
exercise with a low energy demand
this is the first line of therapy for the majority of people with dyslipidemia
therapeutic lifestyle change TLC
the term for nutritional intervention and guidance provided by a registered dietitian
medical nutrition therapy
The mainstays of the TLC diet
limit saturated fat to less than 7% total calories
limit cholesterol to less than 200mg/day
Frequency and duration for exercise prescription to improve hyperlipidemia
at least 5 days per week and 30-60 min per session
Target VO2R or HRR for exercise prescription to improve hyperlibidemia
40-75%
eventual goal of duration for exercise prescriptions to improve hyperlipidemia
50-60 min/day
also known as syndrome x
metabolic syndrome
Metabolic syndrome: abdominal obesity
waist circumference >40inches in men, and >35 inches in woment
Metabolic syndrome: hypertriglyceridemia
greater than or equal to 150mg/dl
Metabolic syndrome: hdl
less than 40mg/dl in men and <50mg/dl in women
Metabolic syndrome: blood pressure
greater than or equal to 130/85
Metabolic syndrome: fasting glucose
greater than or equal to 110mg/dl
this is proposed to the be underlying cause of metabolic syndrome
poor blood glucose regulation due to insulin resistance
people with metabolic syndrome typcially have hyperinsulinemia which means
high levels of insulin in the blood
this is the first line of defense for metabolic syndrome becasue it influences all components of this disorder
exercise
Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is based on this
two fasting glucose levels of 126 mg/dl or higher
potential exercise risk for clients with diabetes
hypoglycemia (blood glucose of 65 mg/dl or lower
according to the ADA people with type1 diabetes should not exercise if their glucose level is greater than this, or this
300mg/dl or 250mg/dl with ketones
individuals with blood glucose levels less than this are are risk of developing hypoglycema and should ingest carbohydrate before exercise
100mg/dl
Frequency, duration, and intensity for aerobic exercise in a client with diabetes
3-7 days per week
20-60 minutes
50-80% VO2R or HRR
Frequency, number of exercises, sets, reps, and intenisty
2-3 nonconsecutive days/week 8-10 exercises 2-3 sets 8-12 reps 60-80% 1RM
