Chapter 22

Question 1

Peritoneum

Answer 1

Includes
Stomach
Liver 
Spleen
Appendix
Small and large colon

In women
Uterus
Fallopian tubes
Ovaries

Question 2

Visceral peritoneum

Answer 2

Covers the organs (inside)

Question 3

Parietal peritoneum

Answer 3

Membrane that lines abdominal cavity (outside)

Question 4

Retroperitoneal space

Answer 4

Area between the abdomen and back

Question 5

Visceral pain

Answer 5

Originated from the organs (the viscera) with the abdomen. Not a lot of nerves so dull intermittent pain that’s hard to locate.
Intermittent, crampy or colicky (hollow organs)
Dull and persistent (solid organs)

Question 6

Parietal pain (peritoneal tenderness)

Answer 6

Pain comes from abdominal lining. Better widespread nerve endings so pain can be pinpointed.
Irritation of the peritoneum.
Pain is sharp and worsen when they move, better if lying down or fetal position

Question 7

Tearing pain

Answer 7

Not so common, most abdominal organs can’t feel tearing.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), aorta running down spine balloons and causes tearing sensation in back.
Ulcers tearing open

Question 8

Referred pain

Answer 8

Pain felt other than where pain originates

Question 9

Appendicitis

Answer 9

Infection of appendix, requires surgery.

Nausea
Vomiting
Pain in umbilicus moving to RLQ
If ruptures pain in peritoneal cavity from bowel contents pushing against it.

Question 10

Peritonitis

Answer 10

When the appendix ruptured be cause of inflammation or trauma gastric juices and blood irritate the peritoneum.
Life threatening emergency

Question 11

Cholecystitis/gallstones

Answer 11

Inflammation of gallbladder from gallstones.
Sudden RUQ or epigastric pain that can radiate to shoulder.
Can worsen from foods high in fat

Question 12

Pancreatitis

Answer 12

Inflammation of pancreas
Chronic alcohol problems
Pain in epigastric area, since inside retroperitoneal area the pain can radiate to back and shoulders

Question 13

Gastrointestinal bleeding

Answer 13

Bleeding can occur from anywhere from the esophagus to the rectum. Because of this type of bleeding occurs inside the lumen of the esophagus stomach or intestines blood eventually has to pass out through the rectum or mouth.
G.I. bleeding often occurs without pain.

Question 14

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

Answer 14

Ballooning or weakening in wall of the aorta

Sharp pain or tearing pain or back pain

Question 15

Hernia

Answer 15

Hole in muscle layer of the abdominal wall

Intestines protrude up against skin

Question 16

Renal colic

Answer 16

Kidneys form small hard stones

Question 17

Cardiac involvements

Answer 17

Pain from my little cardio infraction may be felt as abdominal discomfort
Indigestion