Chapter 10 Flashcards
Inhalation
Active process, Negative pressure
Exhalation
Passive process, positive pressure, Takes slightly longer than inhalation
Tidal volume
One cycle of inhalation and exhalation 5 to 7 mL per kg of body weight
Minute volume
Tidal volume x respiratory rate
Alveolar ventilation
How much air actually reaches the Alveoli
Diffusion
Gases from high concentration to low concentration
Pulmonary respiration
Bitch change of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the Alveoli and blood
Hypoxia
Insufficient oxygen in body tissues
Anemia
Low amount of hemoglobin
Respiratory distress
Increased of breathing, shortness of breath
Adequate breathing rates
Adult 12-20 per minute
Child 15-30 per minute
infant 25-50 per minute
Cyanosis
Blue or gray coloring resulting from lack of oxygen to the body
Artificial ventilation or positive pressure ventilation
Forcing air or oxygen into the lungs
Gastric distention
Filling the stomach with air
Pocket face mask oxygen concentrations
With oxygen inlet 50%
Without 16%
BVM oxygen inlet flow
15 L per minute
BVM bag capacity
1000 to 1600 mL of air
Automatic transport ventilator (ATV)
A device that provides positive pressure ventilation. It includes settings designed to adjust ventilation rate and volume is portable and easy easily carried on an ambulance
Oxygen administered below what percentile
94
Oxygen cylinders
D cylinder 350 L E cylinder 625 L M cylinder 3,000 L Fixed systems on ambulance: G cylinder 5,300 H cylinder 6,900 L
Nonrebreather mask flow & oxygen
15 L per minute
80-90%
Nasal cannula oxygen flow
4 to 6 L per minute
Partial rebreather mask oxygen flow
9 to 10 L per minute
Venturi mask
The facemask and reservoir bag that delivers specific concentration of oxygen and air by mixing
Tracheostomy mask
The mask designed to place over stoma
Tidal volume and ml per body weight
The air moved in one breath, 5-7 ml per kg of body weight
COPD
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Respiratory distress signs
Vitals, appearance, position
How often oxygen tanks should be hydrostatically tested
Every 5 years
Pin index safety system
Used on cylinders E and bellow to secure regulator
Opening oxygen tanks
Open full then half turn back
Pressure compensated flowmeter
Use on M, G, H tanks. Upright position uses ball float to measure flow
Negative effects of positive pressure ventilation (artificial ventilation)
Decrease cardiac output/drop blood pressure
Gastric distention
Hyperventilation
Stoma
A hole in the neck to breath
Partial rebreather mask flow & oxygen
9-10 L per minute
40-60% oxygen
Venturi mask flow & oxygen
Up to 15 L per minute
24-60 % oxygen
Nasal cannula flow & oxygen
1-6 L per minute
24-44% oxygen
