Chapter 22 Flashcards
What’s speciation?
speciation is when one species splits into two or more species
What’s microevolution?
microevolution are the changes in the allele frequencies in a population over times
What’s macroevolution?
macroevolution is the broad pattern of evolution above the species level.
What the biological concept of species?
the biological concept of species says that a species is a group or population whose members can INTERBREED and make viable FERTILE offspring with each other.
- BUT they can’t mate with other species
Gene flow occurs between ____
gene flow occurs between different populations of a species
What’s reproductive isolation?
reproductive isolation are BIOLOGICAL BARRIERS that prevent two different species from interbreeding and making offspring
What’re hybrids?
hybrids are mixed offspring from two different species
What’re prezygotic barriers?
pre zygotic barriers block FERTILIZATION from occuring
What’re post zygotic barriers?
post zygotic barriers are used AFTER a sperm cell from one species fertilized an egg from another species
What’s temporal isolation?
temporal isolation is when different species breed at 1. different times during the day 2. different seasons 3. different years so they can interbreed
What’s mechanical isolation?
mechanical isolation are when MORPHOLOGICAL differences prevent mating
- e.g. penis size
What does morphological differences mean
differences in the body structure
What is the morphological definition of a species?
the morphological definition of a species says that species are characterized by BODY STRUCTURE
What’s the ecological definition of a species?
the ecological definition of a species says that species are characterized by their INTERACTIONS with the environment
What’s the phylogenetic definition of a species?
the phylogenetic definition of a species says that a species is defined as the SMALLEST group of individuals that share a COMMON ANCESTOR
