Chapter 2.2

Question 1

acid

Answer 1

a substance that donates hydrogen ions and therefore lowers pH

Question 2

adhesion

Answer 2

the attraction between water molecules and molecules of a different substance

Question 3

base

Answer 3

a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions and therefore raises pH

Question 4

buffer

Answer 4

a solution that resists a change in pH by absorbing or releasing hydrogen or hydroxide ions

Question 5

cohesion

Answer 5

the intermolecular forces between water molecules caused by the polar nature of water; creates surface tension

Question 6

evaporation

Answer 6

the release of water molecules from liquid water to form water vapor

Question 7

hydrophilic

Answer 7

describes a substance that dissolves in water; water-loving

Question 8

hydrophobic

Answer 8

describes a substance that does not dissolve in water; water-fearing

Question 9

litmus paper

Answer 9

filter paper that has been treated with a natural water-soluble dye so it can be used as a pH indicator

Question 10

pH scale

Answer 10

a scale ranging from 0 to 14 that measures the approximate concentration of hydrogen ions of a substance

Question 11

solvent

Answer 11

a substance capable of dissolving another substance

Question 12

surface tension

Answer 12

the cohesive force at the surface of a body of liquid that prevents the molecules from separating

Question 13

temperature

Answer 13

a measure of molecular motion