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Biology Final > Chapter 22 > Flashcards

Chapter 22 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Mythology

A

Made all organisms in the world perfect and as they are today

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2
Q

Aristotle

A

Scala Naturae

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3
Q

Sedimentary Rock

A

Formed from deposition of material

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4
Q

Stratum

A

Layer of sedimentary rock that is internally consistent and distinguishable from other layers

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5
Q

Stratigraphy

A

Study of rock layers. Sedimentary and volcanic rock is deposited in layers. These layers can be counted and compared.

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6
Q

Paleontology

A

Study of Fossils.

Developed by Charles Cuvier

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7
Q

Lamarckism

A

Parts of the body that are used become more developed and parts that aren’t deteriorate.
Passed on to offspring.

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8
Q

Epigenetics

A

Study of changes in gene expression caused by mechanisms other than changes in the DNA sequence.
Some changes are heritable.

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9
Q

Artificial Selection

A

Man deliberately decides who gets to reproduce through breeding.

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10
Q

Natural Selection

A

Indifferent Nature decides who gets to reproduce and therefore what traits are maintained. A lot of luck is involved.

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11
Q

Evidence for Evolution

A

Direct Observations.
Homologies.
The Fossil Record.
Biogeography.

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12
Q

Direct Observations

A

Carefully observed and measured by Scientists. Happens in controlled laboratory setting.

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13
Q

Sexual PCR

A

Used to evolve molecules for specific functions.

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14
Q

Fossil Record problems

A

Patchy.

Makes sweeping generalizations difficult.

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15
Q

Homology

A

Related species can have features that are similar but function differently.
Definition: Similarity resulting from common ancestry.

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16
Q

Divergent Evolution

A

When 2 groups of organisms are isolated reproductively or subjected to different selection pressures their traits diverge.
Gives rise to homologous features

17
Q

Convergent Evolution

A

Appearance of a similar trait or traits in unrelated organisms.

18
Q

Analogous

A

A trait that appears similar in two unrelated organisms.

19
Q

Phylogenetic Trees

A

Depicts the evolutionary relationships among organisms based on their genetic and/or physical characteristics.

20
Q

Biogeography

A

The geographic distribution of species.

Influenced by the movement of land masses.

Biology Final (6 decks)

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