Chapter 21 - Surgical Subspecialties Flashcards
Divides the neck into the anterior and posterior triangles.
sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
Treatment for benign salivary tumors
Superficial parotidectomy
Injury to auricotemporal nerve after parotidectomy manifesting as gustatory sweating
Frey’s syndrome
Most common cancer of oral cavity
Squamous cell carcinoma
Most commonly affecting the tongue
Most common laryngeal cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma
Modified radical neck dissection preserves what 3 structures
Internal jugular vein
CN XI
SCM
Polymicrobial infection commonly caused by extension of acute tonsillitis and with presenting symptoms of trismus, odynophagia, dysphagia, dehydration, voice change (“hot potato” voice),uvular deviation toward the contralateral side, and bulging of the anterior tonsillar pillar.
PERITONSILLAR ABSCESS
Symptoms of this disease can include fever, irritability, drooling, nuchal rigidity, dyspnea, dysphagia, and airway obstruction (Ludwig’s angina), and patient may hold neck rigidly towards the unaffected side.
Retropharyngeal abscess
Most common malignancy of the female reproductive tract
ENDOMETRIAL CANCER
Most common endometrial cancer
Adenocarcinoma
A solid, irregular, fixed pelvic mass, particularly one in a peri- or postmenopausal woman that is enlarging or that is found in conjunction with an upper abdominal mass or ascites, is highly suggestive of
ovarian malignancy
Metastatic lesions to the ovaries
Krukenberg tumors
Ovarian tumor that is most sensitive to chemoradiation
Dysgerminoma
Syndrome of Hydrothorax, Ascites, Ovarian tumor
Meig’s syndrome
Extension of mucinous tumors (ovarian, appendiceal) to the peritoneal surfaces, filling abdomen with mucin.
Pseudomyxoma peritonei
Pseudomyxoma peritonei is found in what ovarian tumor
Mucinous cystadenoma
Most common malignant germ cell tumor of the ovary
Dysgerminoma
Malignant trophoblastic proliferation, most commonly following hydatiform molar pregnancy
Choriocarcinoma
Sex cord stromal tumor of the ovary that results in precocious puberty and transformation of estrogen-responsive tissues.
Granulosa-thecal tumor
Sex cord stromal tumor of the ovary that produces excess testosterone →virilization.
Sertoli-Leydig tumor
Second most common cancer of the female reproductive system
CERVICAL CANCER
Most common cervical cancer
SCC
Most common cancer in the vulva and vagina
SCC
Cells of the testes that are involved in spermatogenesis.
Sertoli cells
Formed by the vas deferens and the seminal vesicles.
Ejaculatory duct
Testicular cells that are involved in testosterone production.
Leydig cells
Most common cancer in men aged 20–35 years.
TESTICULAR TUMORS
Most common cause of struvite stone
Proteus mirabilis (urease-producing bacteria)
Most common renal neoplasm
Renal cell carcinoma
Most common cancer in men
Prostate cancer
Most common carcinoma of the prostate
Adenocarcinoma
Middle cerebral artery is a branch of? Anterior cerebral artery is a brach of? Posterior cerebral artery is a branch of?
Anterior and middle - Internal carotid artery
Posterior - vertebral artery
Basilar artery is a branch of
Vertebral artery
Artery found in the T10-L2 region that supplies the lower thoracic cord and conus medullaris.
artery of Adamkiewicz
Unilateral hemisection resulting to ipsilateral loss of motor function, deep touch, vibration, and proprioception; and contralateral loss of light touch, temperature, and pain.
Brown-Sequard syndrome
Caused by hyperextension injury that results in weakness of the upper extremities (relative to lower extremities) with variable sensory loss below the affected level.
Central cord syndrome
Results in bilateral loss of motor function as well as pain and temperature sensation. Proprioception, vibration, and deep touch sensation are intact.
Anterior cord syndrome
Loss of blood supply to anterior spinal cord.
Type of collagen that is primarily found in the bone
Type 1
Involved nerves in Erb’s palsy
C5 and C6
Waiter tip position (shoulder adducted, internally rotated elbow extended with wrist flexed).
Erb’s palsy
Nerve involved in Klumpke’s palsy (claw hand)
C8-T1
Involved nerve in winged scapula
Long thoracic nerve
Serratus anterior weakness
Injured nerve when there is weakness of the thenar muscle
Median nerve
Injured nerve where there is weakness in elbow flexion and supination
Musculocutaneous nerve
Involved nerve in Saturday night palsy (wrist drop)
Radial nerve
2 Most common sites for lumbar disc herniation
L5-S1 and L4-L5
Renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, retinal angioma
Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome
