Chapter 20 - Transplantation

Question 1

The process of combining donor lymphocytes and recipient serum to determine if there are preformed antibodies against the potential graft

Answer 1

Crossmatching (cytotoxicity assay)

Question 2

Occurs immediately after transplantation (minutes to hours) due to preformed recipient antibodies that are present against the donor organ.

Answer 2

HYPERACUTE REJECTION

Question 3

Type of rejection that occurs within the first week of transplant as a result of recipient T cells that are sensitized to donor antigens.

Answer 3

ACCELERATED REJECTION

Question 4

Type of rejection that can occur > 1 week to anytime after transplantation

Answer 4

ACUTE REJECTION

Question 5

Type of rejection that occurs usually months to years after transplantation.

Answer 5

CHRONIC REJECTION

Question 6

2 ADRs of AZA

Answer 6

Bone marrow suppression

Hepatotoxicity

Question 7

How many years after curative treatment of malignancy is recommended before kidney transplantation?

Answer 7

2 years

Question 8

T or F: Hepatitis B and C virus with cirrhosis or acute hepatitis are not contraindication to kidney transplantation

Answer 8

False. Relative contraindication.

May opt for combined liver and kidney transplantation if candidacy for both is determined to be medically suitable

Question 9

Organ transplantation from the same individual

Answer 9

Autograft

Question 10

Organ transplantation from the same species but not genetically identical

Answer 10

Allograft

Question 11

Organ transplantation from different species

Answer 11

Xenograft

Question 12

Organ transplanted into its usual anatomic site (heart, lung, liver)

Answer 12

Orthotopic

Question 13

Organ transplanted into a foreign site (kidney, pancreas)

Answer 13

Heterotopic

Question 14

Preferred transplant site for kidney is in the

Answer 14

extraperitoneal iliac fossa

Question 15

Most common malignancy in kidney transplant recipient

Answer 15

Skin cancer

Question 16

Most common noncutaneous malignancy in kidney transplant recipients

Answer 16

Lymphoma (most often, B cell lymphoma caused by EBV)

Question 17

The most common cholestatic disorder leading to liver transplantation in children.

Answer 17

Biliary atresia

Question 18

The most frequent contraindication to liver transplantation

Answer 18

continuing substance abuse

Question 19

Safe cold ischemic times for kidney

Answer 19

Up to 36–40 hours

Question 20

Safe cold ischemic times for pancreas

Answer 20

Up to 24 hours

Question 21

Safe cold ischemic times for liver

Answer 21

Up to 16 hours

Question 22

Safe cold ischemic times for heart/lung

Answer 22

Up to 6 hours

Question 23

Least frequently transplanted organ.

Answer 23

SMALL INTESTINE TRANSPLANTATION

Question 24

Transplantation with highest rejection rate and lowest graft survival.

Answer 24

Small intestine