Chapter 21 Social History

Question 1

What was Cicero’s full name?

Answer 1

Marcus Tillius Cicero

Question 2

When was Cicero born?

Answer 2

106 BC

Question 3

Where was Cicero born?

Answer 3

In Arpinum.

Question 4

How far from Rome was Arpinum?

Answer 4

About 100 km.

Question 5

What sort of education did Cicero receive?

Answer 5

Some of the best teachers in Rome. He was a very bright child.

Question 6

Did Cicero go to university in Greece?

Answer 6

Yes

Question 7

What did Cicero study in the University in Greece?

Answer 7

Law, Oratory (Rhetoric) and Philosophy

Question 8

When did Cicero himself fight in one of the conflicts?

Answer 8

At the age of 17.

Question 9

Who did Rome fight when Cicero took part in the conflict?

Answer 9

The Roman’s fought her Italian allies.

Question 10

Did Rome become victorious in the battle when Cicero was fighting?

Answer 10

Yes.

Question 11

Did Cicero support/did not support the tradition/old government system?

Answer 11

Cicero supported the old way of government.

Question 12

Cicero decided to make his way by practising in the law courts as a…?

Answer 12

Barrister

Question 13

When did Cicero leap to fame?

Answer 13

In 70BC

Question 14

Why did Cicero leap to fame in 70BC?

Answer 14

The people of Sicily asked him to prosecute their ruthless Roman governor, Verres.

Question 15

Why did the people of Sicily want Verres prosecuted?

Answer 15

He had plundered the island for his own personal gain.

Question 16

How many years to Verres say he needed to govern Sicily?

Answer 16

Three years

Question 17

What would Verres do in the first year of governing?

Answer 17

He would cover his election expenses, as he bribed the electors.

Question 18

What would Verres do in the second year of governing?

Answer 18

He would get enough money to bribe the jury in case he was prosecuted for misgovernment.

Question 19

What would Verres do in the third year of governing?

Answer 19

To make some profit.

Question 20

Why was Cicero taking up the job to prosecute Verres a dangerous and risky one?

Answer 20

Verres was a noble and he had many powerful friends.

Question 21

How did the case with Cicero and Verres go?

Answer 21

Cicero conducted the case so brilliantly that Verres fled into exile before it was even over.

Question 22

When did Cicero become quaestor through election?

Answer 22

76 BC

Question 23

Where quaestors part of the senate?

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

What class was Cicero born into?

Answer 24

The equestrian class (a knight).

Question 25

What was the minimum age to become consul?

Answer 25

43 years old.

Question 26

When did Cicero become consul?

Answer 26

In 63 BC, at the earliest time he could.

Question 27

What did novus homo mean?

Answer 27

Literally: New man
Meaning: His family was not part of the Roman nobility, so he was a “self-made man”

Question 28

Who was Catiline?

Answer 28

A young noble.

Question 29

What was Catiline’s full name?

Answer 29

Lucius Sergius Catilina

Question 30

What did Catiline intend to do?

Answer 30

Catiline intended to overthrow the government by force, after many failed attempts to become consul.

Question 31

How did Cicero act to Catiline? (Adjective)

Answer 31

Decisively

Question 32

What did Cicero do to stop Catiline?

Answer 32

He arrested and executed Catiline’s chief supporters in Rome and defeated his army in Etruria.

Question 33

After Catiline’s defeat, what did the Roman people call Cicero?

Answer 33

pater patriae

Question 34

What does pater patriae mean?

Answer 34

Father of his country

Question 35

What was Cicero’s political aim? (Latin)

Answer 35

Concordia ordinum

Question 36

What did Concordia ordinum mean?

Answer 36

The harmony of the senatorial and equestrian classes

Question 37

Did Cicero ever manage to achieve Concordia ordinum?

Answer 37

Cicero never succeeded.