Chapter 21: Integumentary Flashcards
Five functions of the skin
- Protect from injury, drying, and invasion by foreign matter
- Regulate temperature
- Aid in excretion of water
- Aid in production of vitamin D
- Sensations of touch, pain, heat, and cold.
Seborrheic Dermatitis and treatment
AKA cradle cap: Crusting, waxy, white or yellow skin. 2-3 weeks of life.
Tx: baby shampoo or OTC sulfur salicylic acid shampoo. Massage in oil prior to washing: use fine comb to remove
Contact Dermatitis and treatment
AKA Diaper rash: rash caused by overexposure to ammonia in waste.
Tx: rinse off area and let dry, change more often
Oral candida and treatment
AKA Thrush: White curd-like plaque in mouth
Tx: Nystatin applied with gloved finger to affected area Q6H for 3-4 days AFTER lesion disappears
Candidiasis and treatment
Beef red papules with satellite lesions in diaper region.
Tx: Nystatin cream or Lotrimin cream
Tinea and treatment
AKA ringworm: Contagious fungal skin infection usually round in shape
Tx: Griseofulvin with milk or fat (fat allows for better absorption)
Herpes Simplex and treatment
HSV1: cold sore with fever, HSV2: genital area: sex abuse?, H gingivostomatitis: Mouth lesion
Tx: cool drinks, non acid or carbonated, ice pops. Saline rinse. Parent can spread so wash nipples, toys, utensils
Impetigo and tx
S. aureus causes pustular lesion in broken skin, honey colored fluid becomes crusted. Incubation: 7 to 10 day
Tx: topical and/or oral antibiotics for 7 to 10 days. Hand hygiene. Return to school AFTER 24hr of antibiotics. CONTAGIOUS: no sharing stuff or touch
Cellulitis and tx
Bacteria infection of subQ and dermis. Follows sinusitis, otitis media or tooth abscess. s/s: edema, erythema, pain, red hot skin. Tender, indurated possible. H-flu will be purple
Tx: Rest, elevate and immobilize, Warm moist soak Q4H. Assess for reinfection or sepsis: increased fever, chill, confusion
Pediculosis capitus and tx
AKA head lice. Nits like sesame seeds or dandruff. Don’t stay home.
Tx: Rid, Triplex, Nix, vinegar water 1/2 hr before combing. Fine tooth comb with wet hair. Wash everything hot water, hot dry. Vacuum, If can’t wash then seal off for 2 weeks. Caution: Seizure neurotoxic lice product. 1-2 day between shampoos
Scabies and tx
Mites under skin
tx: Scabicidal medication: permethrin cream, lidane, crotamiton. Creams must remain on for 8-14 so best at bedtime. No Kwell (lidane) to kids under 2 or prego women. Give warm soapy bath. Change clothing bedding, towels daily; hot wash and dry for clothes
Atopic dermatitis
AKA eczema: chronic allergic skin inflammation.
Tx: anti-inflammatory corticosteroids creams and ointments; antihistamines, and oral antibiotics
Acne vulgaris
overactive sebaceous glands.
Tx: gentle cleansing, topical medications, rest, exercise and proper diet. Accutane: Taratogenic to fetus
First line of defense against infection
Skin
Flat circumscribed area that has color change
Macule
