Chapter 17: Endocrine system Flashcards
A nurse documents that a 14 year old adolescent is manifesting the symptoms of syndrome inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. The nurse knows that diagnosis is confirmed when the following values are found:
Low serum osmolarity, high urine specific gravity, and high urine osmolarity
The pediatrician diagnoses precocious puberty. The nurse knows that this is a condition that occurs with hyperfunction of what?
The pituitary gland
Disease caused by insufficient production of the antidiuretic hormone
Diabetes insipidus
The nurse is teaching an 11 year old girl and her parents how to administer growth hormone injections. The nurse knows that the following interventions will promote the best response to the therapy:
Daily rotation of injection sites, strict adherence and minimal doses missed, and follow-up appointments every 3 to 4 months to monitor growth progress and adjust doses
Match condition w lab: Diabetic ketoacidosis
Ketones in urine, pH 7.2, glucose 460
This gland’s main function is to communicate the messages of the central autonomic nervous system to the organs/glands of the endocrine system
The hypothalamus
s/s of ketoacidosis
pH below 7.35, fruity breath, tachypnea, and coma
What causes hyperglycemia?
Stress, too much food, not enough insulin, and not enough exercise
Match condition w lab:growth hormone deficiency
glucose below 70 mg/dl
A condition in which there is an adrenal gland tumor
Pheochromocytoma
A 12 year old boy is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The nurse explains to the patient’s parents that the symptoms of this disease include:
Unintended weight loss and excessive intake of water
Match condition w lab: bacterial meningitis
CSF cloudy to milky or yellow
A 9 year old boy has received a diagnosis of gigantism. The nurse explains to his parents that surgery is the curative treatment of choice in 80% of the cases, but in the remaining 20%, the drug choice is
pegvisomant (Somavert) and dopamine agonists (Bromocriptine)
These organs produces several steroidal sex hormones
ovaries in women and testes in men
The nurse working in a community clinic assesses a 2 year old patient who is short in stature, below 3rd percentile. The nurse’s initial action is to:
Determine rate of growth by reviewing the child’s growth charts
A 10-year old boy is 2 days post op following the resection of a craniopharyngeoma. You are providing care and notice he is having enuresis, constantly drinking water, and having frequent urination. Based on the clinical manifestations, you suspect that he might be experiencing what conditions?
Diabetes insipidus
The nurse explains to the parents of a patient with diabetes that type 2 diabetes mellitus is due to ____ in which the body fails to recognize and use it properly
Insulin resistance
Match condition w lab:twitching, tremors, irritability
Hypocalcemia
Match condition w lab: SIADH
Hyponatremia
Glycosolated hemoglobin is an acceptable method used to:
assess the control of diabetes
Autoimmune disease caused by an antibody that overstimulates the thyroid, causing an excess production of thyroid hormone
Graves disease
Disease caused when excessive levels of antidiuretic hormones are produced
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
Thyroid gland enlargement
Goiter
Disease caused by large amounts of growth hormone that results in excessive growth of the long bones in a child
Gigantism
Beta blockers are frequently used in clients who have uncontrolled Grave’s disease and exhibit clinical symptoms of thyroid storm. T/F
True
Match condition w lab: Diabetes insipidus
hypernatremia (above 145mEq/L)
The nurse knows that of the many types of insulin available to treat diabetes _____ insulin is usually for children who are picky eaters since it can be taken right after meals
Humolog/Novolog
Condition caused by beta-cell destruction resulting in definite insulin dependency
type 1 diabetes mellitus
s/s of hypothyroidism
puffy eyes, large fontanel, hypothermia, poor muscle tone
Early sign of agranulocytosis
Fever and sore throat
Match condition w lab: Jittery, diaphoretic irritable
glucose below 70mg/dl
Match condition w lab: hypothyroidism
Low T3, T4
The nurse caring for patients with endocrine disorders know that the most common cause of diabetes insipidus is what?
Surgical
Match condition w lab: most accurate method for measuring diabetic control
Glycoslated hemoglobin (A1C)
The nurse caring for a patient with gigantism knows that the focus of nursing care should be:
Prevention of complications, accurate assessment of growth, assessment of lab values, and administration of meds
Condition caused by an underactive adrenal gland
Addison
manifestations of hypoglycemia
nervous, irritable, shaky, hungry, dizzy, sweaty, tachycardia, blurry vision
The student nurse studying the endocrine system knows that the pancreas, located in the abdomen, produces what?
insulin
The nurse explains to the parents of a child with type 1 diabetes that there are several major components of treatment for their child including:
Diet, insulin and exercise
What can cause hypoglycemia?
Not enough food, too much insulin, and too much exercise
Match condition w lab:hyperglycemia
glucose above 160-180mg/dl
The nurse caring for a patient with hypothyroidism explains to the parent that developmental hypothyroidism can cause irreversible mental deficits and growth retardation. The nurse states that the hormone produced by the thyroid that increases bone deposits of calcium is what?
calcitonin
After reviewing a diagnostic work-up of a patient, the nurse notes that the lab results show an insufficient production of antidiuretic hormone. The nurse knows that this results is indicative of:
diabetes insipidus
The nurse tells the student nurse that insulin must be given by ______
subcutaneous injection
Exopthalmos may occur in children with what condition?
hyperthyroidism
Match condition w lab: hyperthyroidism (graves disease)
Elevated T3, T4, Decreased TSH
Match condition w lab: hypoglycemia
glucose below 70mg/dl
