Chapter 21 - Endocrine

Question 1

Both men and women experience bone loss with aging. The bones most likely to demonstrate significant loss

Answer 1

Femoral neck bones

Question 2

Biophosphonates Treat or prevent osteoporosis by

Answer 2

Inhibiting osteoclastic activity

Question 3

Prophylactic use bio phosphonate’s is recommended for patients with early osteopenia related to long-term use of which of the following drugs?

Answer 3

Glucocorticoids

Question 4

Patients with cystic fibrosis are often prescribed enzyme replacement for pancreatic secretions. Each replacement drug has lipase, protease, and amylase components, but the drugs prescribed in units of

Answer 4

Lipase

Question 5

Brands of pancreatic enzyme replacement drug are:

Answer 5

About the same and cost per unit of lipase across brands

Question 6

When given subcutaneously, how long until neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin begin to take effect-onset of action- after administration?

Answer 6

60 - 90 minuets

Question 7

Hypoglycemia can result from the action of either insulin or an oral hypoglycemic. Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include

Answer 7

Dizziness, confusion, diaphoresis, and tachycardia.

Question 8

Nonselective beta blockers and alcohol create serious drug interactions with insulin because they

Answer 8

Mask the signs and symptoms of altered glucose levels

Question 9

Lispro Is an insulin analog produced by recombinant DNA technology. Which of the following statements about this form of insulin is not true?

Answer 9

Duration of action is increased when the dose is increased.

Question 10

The decision may be made to switch from twice daily neutral protamine Hagedorn NPH to insulin glargine To improve glycemic control throughout the day. If this is done:

Answer 10

The initial dose of glargine is reduced by 20% to avoid hypoglycemia

Question 11

When blood glucose levels are difficult to control and type two diabetes, some form of insulin may be added to the treatment regime to control blood glucose and limit complication risk. Which of the following statements is accurate based on research?

Answer 11

Newer pre-mixed insulin’s are better at lowering HB A1 C and post prandial glucose levels than long acting insulin’s.

Question 12

Metformin is a primary choice of drug to treat hyperglycemia and type two diabetes because it:

Answer 12

Decreases glycogenolysis the liver

Question 13

Newer pre-mixed insulin’s are better at lowering __________and ____ __________ glucose levels than long acting insulin’s.

Answer 13

HBA1c and postprandial

Question 14

Prior to prescribing metformin, The provider should

Answer 14

Draw a serum to asses renal function

Question 15

The action of Gliptins is different from other antidiabetic agents Because they

Answer 15

Act on the incretin system to indirectly increase production

Question 16

Sitagliptin has been approved for :

Answer 16

Both 1 and 2

Mono therapy in once-daily doses
Combination therapy with metformin

Question 17

GLP-1 agonists

Answer 17

Directly bind to a receptor in the pancreatic beta cell

Question 18

Avoid concurrent administration of exenatide with which of the following drugs? (3)

Answer 18

Digoxin, warfarin, lovastatin

Question 19

Administration of exenatide is by subcutaneous injection (when)

Answer 19

60 minutes prior to the morning and evening meal

Question 20

Potentially fatal granlocytopenia has been associated with treatment of hyperthyroidism with propylthiouracil. Patients should be taught to report:

Answer 20

Fever and sore throat

Question 21

Elderly patients who are started on levothyroxine For thyroid replacement should be monitored for

Answer 21

Tachycardia and angina

Question 22

Which of the following is not an indication that growth hormones supplements should be discontinued

Answer 22

Complaints of mild bone pain

Question 23

Besides osteoporosis, IV bisphosphonates Are also indicated for

Answer 23

Paget’s disease

Question 24

What is the role of calcium supplements when patients take bisphosphonate

Answer 24

They must be taken insufficient amounts to provide foundational elements for bone growth

Question 25

Which of the following statements about pancreatic enzymes is true?

Answer 25

Dosing may be titrated according to the decrease of steatorrhea

Question 26

Besides Cystic fibrosis, which other medical state may trigger the need for pancreatic enzymes?

Answer 26

Some bariatric surgeries