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Microbiology Test 4 > Chapter 21: Diseases Skin and Eyes > Flashcards

Chapter 21: Diseases Skin and Eyes Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the characteristics normal microbiota?

A

Gram-positive salt tolerant microbes
Staphylococci
Micrococcus
Diphtheroids
grow on oils
aerobes on the surface: Corynebacterium xerosis
anaerobes in hair follicles: Propionibacterium acnes
yeast facultative anaerobes: Malassezia furfur
No viruses

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2
Q

List disease caused by Papovavirus/Papillomaviruses and treatment.

A 
Warts
treatment
removal
cyrotherapy
electrodessication
salicylic acid
Imiquimod (stimulates interferon production)
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3
Q

Diseases caused by pox virus

A

monkeypox and smallpox

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4
Q

mode of transmission for smallpox

A

respiratory route

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5
Q

etiological agent of otis externa “swimmer’s ear”

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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6
Q

etiological agent of erysipelas “holy fire” infection of upper layer of skin

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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7
Q

list infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus

A
  1. folliculitis: infection of hair follicles
  2. sty: folliculitis of eyelas
  3. Furuncle: abscess, pus surrounded by inflamed tissue
  4. carbuncle: inflammation of tissue under skin
  5. impetigo: crusting sores, in newborns
  6. TSS
  7. scalded skin syndrome
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8
Q

characteristics chickenpox

A

Varicella-zoster virus (human herpesvirus 3)
transmitted thru respiratory route
casues pus filled vesicles
virus may remain latent in dorsal root ganglia
Prevention; live attenuated vaccine

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9
Q

mode of transmission of german measles/rubella

A

respiratory route

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10
Q

mode of transmission of cold sores/oral herpes

A

respiratory route or oral

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11
Q

etiological agent of thrush and vaginitis

A

Candida albicans (yeast)

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12
Q

cause and treatment of Candida albicans

A

Candidasis: may result from suppression of competing bacteria by antibiotics
Thrush: an infection of mucous membranes of mouth
occurs in skin and mucous membranes of mouth
topical treatment with miconazole or nystatin

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13
Q

List diseases cause by herpes virus

Human herpesvirus 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2)
HSV-1 can remain latent in trigeminal nerve ganglia

A 
Cold sores/fever blisters (vesicles on lips)
Herpes gladiatorum: (vesicales on skin)
Herpetic whitlow (vesicles on fingers)
Herpes encephalitis
chicken pox/shingles
Roseola (6months to 3 yrs old)
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14
Q

List characteristics of P. aeruginosa

A 
gram-negative, aerobic rod, opportunistic
Pyocyanin produces a blue-green pus
Psudomonas dermatitis (hot tub rash)
otitis externa (swimmer's ear)
post-burn infection
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15
Q

Name the leading cause of blindness in the world

A

Chlamydia trachomatis
casues trachoma (roughening of inner eyelid)
infection causes permanent scarring, scars abrade cornea leading to blindness

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16
Q

Where in your skin is the largest bacterial population?

A

axillary (armpit) and groin

17
Q

List the characteristics to identify S. pyogenes

A 
gram-postive cocci, coagulase negative
Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
hemoylsins
Hyaluronidase
Stretolysins
M proteins
18
Q

List the characteristics used to identify S.aureus

A 
gram-positive cocci, coagulase positive
Antibiotic resistant
Leukocidin
Resists opsonization
Survives in phagolysozome
Lysozome resistant 
forms Exfoliative toxin
19
Q

Give the etiological agent and mode of transmission of scabies.

A

Sarcoptes scabei burrows in the skin to lay eggs

treatment with topical insectisides

20
Q

Rubeola/Measles

A

i. Measles virus
ii. Transmitted by respiratory route
iii. Macular rash and Koplik’s spots
iv. Prevented by vaccination
v. Encephalitis in 1 in 1,000 cases
vi. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in 1 in 1,000,000 cases

21
Q

Rubella/ German Measles

A

i. Rubella virus
ii. Transmitted by respiratory route
iii. Macular rash and fever
iv. Congenital rubella syndrome causes severe fetal damage
v. Prevented by vaccination

22
Q

Compare measles and rubella

A

measles virus/ rubella virus
transmitted respiratory route
macular rash and Kopik’s spots/Macular rash and fever
prevented by vaccination
congenital rubella syndrome causes severe fetal damage
Encephalitis in 1 in 1,000 cases and Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in 1 in 1,000,000 cases

23
Q

Give the etiological agent of Fifth’s disease

A

a.Etiologic agent is Human parvovirus B19 produces mild flu-like symptoms and facial rash

24
Q

Where did the Fifth’s disease name come from?

A

Name derived from a 1905 list of skin rashes, which included

  1. Measles
  2. Scarlet fever
  3. Rubella
  4. Filatov Dukes disease (mild scarlet fever), and
  5. Fifth disease, or erythema infectiosum
25
Q

List the different causes of conjunctivitis (An inflammation of the conjunctiva) pink eye/red eye

A

commonly caused by Haemophilus influenzae
various other microbes can be the cause
associated with unsanitary contact lenses or makeup

Microbiology Test 4 (6 decks)

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