chapter 21 Flashcards
the lymphatic system consists of..
vessels, tissue, organs, and fluid
interstitial fluid that has entered the lymphatic system
lymph
functions of the lymphatic system include…
transport, absorb & transport lipids from intestines, immunity
Cap. starts off as
blind sacs
___ cells are loosely attached in cap
endothelial
edges of endothelial cells
over lap
overlapping of endothelial cells prevent
the escape of fluid
___ is larger than blood cap
lumen
___ vessels are formed by the union of lymph caps
collecting
collecting vessels becomes ___ as they join
larger
as collecting vessels increase their size…
the 3 layers of blood vessels appear; interna, media, external
all trunks are paired (L&R) except
interstitial
Drains lower extremities
L&R lumbar
drains upper extremities
L&R subclarian
drains head and neck region
L&R jugular
drains chest
L&R broncho-mediastinal
drains abdominal cavity
intestinal
much larger, Starts L1-L2, goes up in thoracic cavity & ends in L subclarian vein
L duct (thoracic)
starts by union of right jugular, R subclarian, R broncho-mediastinal trunk, end R subclarian vein
R duct
A form of delayed hypersensitivity that produces skin lesions limited to the site of contact with an allergen or hapten; includes responses to poison ivy, cosmetics, latex, detergents, industrial chemicals, and some topical medicines.
contact dermatitis
An allergic skin reaction characterized by a “wheal and flare” reaction—white blisters (wheals) surrounded by reddened areas (flares), usually with itching. Caused by local histamine release in response to allergens. Can be triggered by food or drugs, but sometimes by nonimmunological factors such as cold, friction, or emotional stress.
hives (urticaria)
A lymph node malignancy, with early symptoms including enlarged painful nodes, especially in the neck, and fever; often progresses to neighboring lymph nodes. Radiation and chemotherapy cure about 75% of patients.
hodgkin disease
Enlargement of the spleen, sometimes without underlying disease but often indicating infections, autoimmune diseases, heart failure, cirrhosis, Hodgkin disease, and other cancers. The enlarged spleen may “hoard” erythrocytes, causing anemia, and may become fragile and subject to rupture.
Splenomegaly
Formation of autoantibodies against DNA and other nuclear antigens, resulting in accumulation of antigen– antibody complexes in blood vessels and other organs, where they trigger widespread connective tissue inflammation. Named for skin lesions once likened to a wolf bite. Causes fever, fatigue, joint pain, weight loss, intolerance of bright light, and a “butterfly rash” across the nose and cheeks. Death may result from renal failure.
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Lymph node cluster: mesenteric
in digestive system
lymph node cluster: axillary
thoracic and upper extremities
lymph node cluster: cervical
head and neck
lymph node functions include …
filter lymph, immune system exposed to pathogenic antigen, lymphocytic division
dense irregular connective tissue
fibrous capsule
divides tissue of lymph nodes into 2 regions
trabeculae, cortex and medulla
nodular (follicular) tissue
nodular
columns of lymphoid tissue
medulla
Lymphatics-> afferent
convex
Lymphatics -> efferent
concave, (hilum)
root of your neck extending into mediastinum
thymus
t lymphocytes develop here
thymus
thymus has ___ lobes
2, L&R
extensions into tissue septa (trabecula)
outer capsules
reticular epithelial, developing t cells, blood thymus barrier
Lobules: cortex
mature t cells, may enter blood stream, hasel’s corpuscle / thymic corpuscles
Lobules: medulla
Spleen -> abdominal cavity
left hypochondriac
smooth diafragmatic surface
spleen
inferior surface has numerous indentulations due to
adjacent viscera
