Chapter 21

Question 0

Alkaline waves

Answer 0

Also know as cold water waves; have a pH between 9.0 and 9.6, use ammonium thioglycolate (ATG), as reducing agent, and process at room temperature without the addition of heat

Question 1

Acid-Balanced Waves

Answer 1

Permanent waves that have a 7.0 or neutral pH; because d their higher pH, they process at room temperature, do not require that added heat of. Hair dryer, process more quickly, and produce firmer curls than true acid waves.

Question 2

Amino Acids

Answer 2

Compounds made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur

Question 3

Ammonium Thioglycate (ATG)

Answer 3

Active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanents

Question 4

Base Control

Answer 4

Position if the tool I. Relation to its base section, determined. He the angle at which the hair is wrapped

Question 5

Base Cream

Answer 5

Also known as protective base cream; oily cream used to protect the skin and scalp during hair relaxing

Question 6

Base Direction

Answer 6

Angle at which the rid is positioned on the head (horizontally, vertically, or diagonally); also, the directional pattern in which the hair is wrapped

Question 7

Base relaxers

Answer 7

Relaxers that require the application of protective base cream to the entire scalp prior to the application of the relaxer

Question 8

Base Sections

Answer 8

Subsections of panels into which hair is divided for perm wrapping; one rod is normally places on each base section

Question 9

Basic permanent wrap

Answer 9

Also known as straight set wrap; perm wrapping pattern In Which a the rods within a panel move in the same direction and are positioned on equal-sized basses; all the bass sections are horizontal, and are the same length and width as the perm rod

Question 10

Bookended Wrap

Answer 10

Perm wrap in which one end sport is folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope

Question 11

Bricklayers permanent wrap

Answer 11

Perm wrap similar to actual technique of bricklaying; base sections are offset from each other row by row, to prevent noticeable splits and to blend the flow of the hair.

Question 12

Chemical hair relaxing

Answer 12

A process or service that rearranges the structure of curly hair into a straighter or smoother form

Question 13

Chemical texture services

Answer 13

Hair service that cause a chemical change the natural wave pattern of the hair

Question 14

Concave Rods

Answer 14

Perm rods that have a smaller diameter in the center that increases to a larger diameter

Question 15

Croquignole perm wrap

Answer 15

Perm wrap in which one end paper is placed under and another is placed over the strand strand of hair being wrapped

Question 16

Curvature Permanent Wrap

Answer 16

Perm wrap in which partings and base radiate throughout the panels to follow the curvature of the head

Question 17

Double flat wrap

Answer 17

Perm wrap in which one end paper is placed under and another is place over the strand of hair being wrapped

Question 18

Double-rod wrap

Answer 18

Also know as piggyback wrap; a technique whereby extra long hair is wrapped on one rod from the scalp to midway down the hair shaft, and another rot us used to wrap the remaining hair strand in the same direction

Question 19

End Papers

Answer 19

Also known as end wraps; absorbent papers used to control the ends of the hair when wrapping and winning hair on perm rods

Question 20

Exothermic Waves

Answer 20

Create an Exothermic chemical reaction that heats up the waving solution and speeds ip processing

Question 21

Endothermic waves

Answer 21

Perm activated by an outside heat source, usually a conventional hood-type hair dryer

Question 22

Glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG)

Answer 22

Main active ingredient in true acid and acid balanced waving lotions

Question 23

Half off-base placement

Answer 23

Base control in which the hair is wrapped at an angle if 90 degrees it perpendicular to it’s base section, and the rod is positioned half off its base section

Question 24

Hydroxide Neutralization

Answer 24

An acid-alkali neutralization reaction that neutralizes (deactivates) the alkaline residues left in the hair by a hydroxide relaxer and lowers the pH of the hair and scalp; hydroxide relaxer neutralization does not involve oxidation or rebuild disulfide bonds.

Question 25

Hydroxide Relaxers

Answer 25

Very strong alkalis with a pH over 13; the hydroxide ion is the active ingredient in all hydroxide relaxers

Question 26

Keratin Proteins

Answer 26

Long, coiled polypeptide chains

Question 27

Lanthionization

Answer 27

Process by which hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair; they remove a sulfur atom from a disulfide bond and convert it unto a lanthionine bond.

Question 28

Loop rod

Answer 28

Also known as circle rod; tool that is usually about 12-inches long with a uniform diameter along the entire length of rod

Question 29

Low-pH waves

Answer 29

Perms that use sulfates, sulfites, and bisulifites as an alternative to ammonium Thioglycate; they have a low pH.

Question 30

Metal hydroxide relaxers

Answer 30

Ionic compounds formed by a metal(sodium, potassium, or lithium) which is combined with oxygen and hydrogen

Question 31

No-base relaxers

Answer 31

Relaxers that do not require application of a protective base cream

Question 32

Normalizing lotions

Answer 32

Conditioners with an acidic pH that restore the hairs natural pH after a hydroxide relaxer and prior to shampooing

Question 33

Off-base placement

Answer 33

Base control in which the hair is wrapped at 45 degree angle beyond perpendicular to its base section, and the rod is positioned on its base.

Question 34

On-base placement

Answer 34

Base control in which the hair is wrapped T a 45 degree basketball beyond perpendicular to its base section, and the rod is positioned completely off its base.

Question 35

Peptide bonds

Answer 35

Also known as end bonds; chemical binds that join amino acids together, end to end in long chains, to form polypeptide chains

Question 36

Permanent waving

Answer 36

A two-step process whereby the hair undergoes a physical change caused by wrapping the hair in perm rods, and then the hair undergoes a chemical change caused by the application of permanent waving solution and neutralizer

Question 37

Polypeptide chains

Answer 37

Long chain if amino acids joined together by peptide bonds

Question 38

Single Flat Wrap

Answer 38

Perm wrap that is similar to double flat wrap but uses only one end paper, placed over the top if the strand if hair being wrapped

Question 39

Soft bender rods

Answer 39

Perm rods that are equal in diameter Along their entire length or curling area

Question 40

Thio neutralization

Answer 40

Stops the action of a permanent wave solution and rebuilds the hair in its new curly form

Question 41

Thio relaxers

Answer 41

Use the sane ammonium thioglycate (ATG) that is used in permanent waving, but at a higher concentration and a higher pH (above 10)

Question 42

Thio-Free Waves

Answer 42

Perm that uses the same ammonium thioglycate (ATG) that is used in a permanent waving, but at higher concentration and a higher pH (above 10)

Question 43

True acid waves

Answer 43

Have a pH between 4.5 and 7.0 and require heat to process; they process more slowly than alkaline waves, and do not usually produce as firm a curl as alkaline

Question 44

Viscosity

Answer 44

The measurement of the thickness or thinness of a liquid that affects how fluid flows

Question 45

Weave technique

Answer 45

Wrapping technique that uses zigzag partings to divide base areas