Chapter 21/27 Flashcards
Define and compare anatomy and physiology
a. Explain why they are usually studied together
Anatomy is the science behind the structure of the human body, while physiology is the study of the functions of the human body. They are often studied together because they are very closely linked
Define tissue
Tissue: any of the distinct types of material of which animals or plants are made, consisting of specialized cells and their products.
What are the 4 main categories of animal tissue (note examples)
- Epithelial :: epidermis
- Connective :: the tissue that holds your organs in place
- Muscle tissue :: cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle
- Nervous :: nerve cells, nervous tissue
Describe the relationship among tissues, organs, and organ systems
Organ systems are comprised of organs, which are comprised of diffent types of tissue. Without cells there would be no tissue, without tissue there are no organs, without organs there would be no organ systems
The connection between structure and _____ is a basic concept of biology.
a. form
b. adaptation
c. function
d. environment
c. function
_____ connect muscle to bone and ______ connect bone to bone.
a. ligaments; tendons
b. actin filaments; myosin filaments
c. myosin filaments; actin filaments
d. tendons; ligaments
d. tendons; ligaments
The shoulder is a joint that has full rotation. This is an example of a ______ joint.
a. hinge
b. pivot
c. ball-and-socket
d. sliding
c. ball-and-socket
If you lay your forearm along the table, you can rotate it so that your hand has limited rotation from a palm-down to a palm-up position. This is possible because your radius and ulna join at a _____ joint.
a. pivot
b. ball-and-socket
c. sliding
d. hinge
a. pivot
Leukemia is cancer of the white blood cells and affects ______ tissue. Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer and affects ______ tissue.
a. fibrous connective; blood
b. connective; epithelial
c. loose; adipose
d. connective; blood
b. connective; epithelial
The thick filaments in muscle tissue are comprised of _____ and the thin filaments are comprised of______.
a. myosin; actin
b. actin; myosin
c. cartilage; matrix
d. matrix; cartilage
a. myosin; actin
The myofibril shortening is the result of _____ shortening.
a. actin filament
b. myosin filament
c. thick filament
d. sarcomere
d. sarcomere
This type of muscle is responsible for the involuntary contraction of structures, such as blood vessels.
a. Smooth muscle
b. Cardiac muscle
c. Skeletal muscle
a. Smooth muscle
This type of muscle is responsible for voluntary contraction through action of thick and thin filaments.
a. Smooth muscle
b. Cardiac muscle
c. Skeletal muscle
c. Skeletal muscle
This type of muscle is responsible for the involuntary contraction of the heart.
a. Smooth muscle
b. Cardiac muscle
c. Skeletal muscle
b. Cardiac muscle
Which of the following binds to the epithelium and holds organs in place?
a. blood
b. loose
c. fibrous
d. cartilage
e. bone
f. adipose
b. loose
