Chapter 21 Flashcards
A form of sugar, the body’s basic source of energy
Glucose
Also called sugar diabetes or just diabetes, the condition brought about by decreased insulin production or the inability of the body cells to use insulin properly
Diabetes mellitus
A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics
Insulin
Fainting is also known as
Syncope
A prolonged seizure or what a person suffers two or more convulsive seizures without regaining full consciousness
Status epilepticus
Low blood sugar is also known as
Hypoglycemia
A medical condition that causes seizures; with proper medication, many of these patients no longer have seizures
Epilepsy
High blood sugar is also known as
Hyperglycemia
A sudden change in sensation, behavior, or movement; the most severe form produces violent muscle contractions called convulsions
Seizure
A condition of altered function caused when an artery in the brain is blocked or rupture, disrupting the supplier oxygenated blood or causing bleeding into the brain
Stroke
The relationship of glucose to insulin is often described as
A lock and key mechanism
If sugar is not replenished quickly for the diabetic patients who is developed hypoglycemia the patient:
May have permanent brain damage
In a patient with altered mental status, the EMG should always consider what before proceeding with the secondary assessment and transport?
And airway or breathing problem
A diabetic emergency may look like what?
Intoxication
For the EMT to consider administering oral glucose the patient must meet what three criteria
Altered mental status
History of diabetes
Awake enough to swallow
What position is most appropriate for a diabetic patient does not respond to painful stimuli
Recovery position
Our children at greater or lesser risk of developing hypoglycemia
Greater
Tradename for oral glucose is
Insta-glucose
what are three complications of diabetes
Kidney failure, heart disease, blindness
What are the units of blood glucose
Milligrams of glucose per deciliter of blood
Blood sugar level below what is considered hypoglycemic
80
A blood sugar level above what is considered hyperglycemic
120
What are three common causes of seizures
High fever, Brain tumor, infection
How long will it seizure typically lasts
1 to 3 minutes
A stroke victim should be transported in what position
Semi sitting
Of patients who clearly understands you but is struggling to say what he is thinking is called:
Expressive aphasia
Of patients who can speak clearly but cannot understand what you are saying has
Receptive aphasia
what are the three phases of tonic clonic seizures
Tonic phase
Clonic phase
Postictal phase
What happens in the tonic phase
Body becomes rigid, breathing can stop, tongue maybe bitten
What happens in the clonic phase
Body jerks around, patients may foamboard drool from mouth
What happens in the Postictal phase
Convulsions stop
List six signs and symptoms associated with a diabetic emergency
Altered mental status Appearance of intoxication Increased heart rate Cold, clammy skin Seizures Anxiety
What are four reasons a diabetic may develop hyperglycemia
Patient has not taken enough insulin
Patient forgot to take insulin
Patient ate too much
Infection
